Dr. S. Nishan Silva (MBBS) First Aid Part Three Dr. S. Nishan Silva (MBBS)

Strokes

Stroke - Video

Do’s in Strokes Lie down Assess – “FAST” Vital signs – also pulse rate Recovery position Call for help Take to the hospital with records Ideally before 3 hours!

Dont’s in Strokes No Aspirin Nothing to eat or drink Don’t waste time

Asthma

Asthma - Video

Do’s in Asthma Calm down – autonomics Sit / Prop up Check vitals Ventilation Slow/ deep breathing Inhaler Take to the hospital

Dont’s in Asthma Don’t lie down No walking Do not wait if the inhaler doesn’t improve in 2 attempts

Fits

Fit - Video

Do’s in fits Protect the person from injury - (remove harmful objects from nearby)  Cushion their head Look for an epilepsy identity card or identity jewellery Aid breathing by gently placing them in the recovery position once the seizure has finished Stay with the person until recovery is complete  Be calmly reassuring Take to hospital soon If first attack If an attack lasts more than 5 minutes

Dont’s in fits Restrain the person’s movements Put anything in the person’s mouth  Try to move them unless they are in danger  Give them anything to eat or drink until they are fully recovered / even drugs Attempt to bring them round Metal in hand????

Poisoning

Poisoning - Video

Do’s in poisoning Call for help Remove poison Remove contaminated clothes Wash eyes/ skin if contaminated; wash with soap and water. Take to hospital – Take poison/ information If too much time till hospitalizing; call poison center Sri Lanka – National Poison Information Centre, National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Tel – 0112686143, 0112691111 ext 2430

Dont’s in poisoning Do not induce vomiting Do not give anything to drink or eat unless indicated Do not give any drugs

Foreign Body - Ear

Foreign body in ear Do not probe the ear Remove if seeing clearly; ideally with a forecep Look under a light Try to dislodge using gravity In case of an insect; use olive / or palm oil, or water Take to an ENT surgeon

Foreign Body - Nose

Foreign body in nose Do not probe in Do not inhale it in Blow the nose out Take it out carefully if possible Use a torch / forecep If bleeding ; local compression and ice

Foreign Body - Ingestion In children specially What did they ingest? Dangerous? Like disc batteries Sharps / pointed? If so; keep fasting and take Swallowed? Aspirated? If small and smooth ; wait. ? Stool softners More than 2 days – seek help Throat?

Electrical Injury

Do’s in Electrical injury Look first. Don't touch Turn off the source of electricity, if possible. Move the source away from you and the person, using a nonconducting object  Check for signs of circulation (breathing, coughing or movement). Treat Burns, fits accordingly

Dont’s in Electrical injury Don't touch the person with your bare hands Don't get near high-voltage wires  Don’t use water / stay away from water. Don’t give anything to eat or drink - aspiration