UNIT 1 Innovation and Change Outcome 11 Social Studies 3219 UNIT 1 Innovation and Change Outcome 11

INNOVATION AND CHANGE In this outcome… You will be able to analyze an innovation or invention for: short-term, long-term, anticipated, and unanticipated consequences; how different groups might view/ be affected by the innovation; and decide on the relative importance of the innovation (magnitude, scope and duration).

Complete “Thinking about Invention and Innovation” activity. INNOVATION AND CHANGE What is the difference between an innovation and an invention? An innovation is when an existing object or method is changed so that they are more effective and/or efficient. An invention is when an entirely new object or method is introduced. Complete “Thinking about Invention and Innovation” activity.

DETERMINING SIGNIFICANCE Historians try to determine how significant historical events are. To do this they must consider the following three criteria: Magnitude refers to the importance of the event or change Scope refers to how wide the effects spread Duration refers to how long the effects are experienced by society. Karl Benz drives the first automobile, July 3, 1886 How would you describe the magnitude, scope, and duration?

Magnitude

Scope World Production of Automobiles from 1950 percentage share

This map of the world shows travel time to major cities, closer is lighter, farther is darker. In essence it is a map of the global road network. 

Duration Tesla Model X electric car drive across Canada pulling a trailer.

PERIODS IN HISTORY In this unit, we will examine examples of invention and innovations throughout history. We will keep in mind their significance and how they affected the lives of people.

LOOKING AT THE EVIDENCE Imagine you are a scientist working at an archaeological site. During Excavation, you unearth the objects shown, which are determined to be 5000 years old. You must use these to discover how early humans lived. Complete the following: Create a list of things early humans needed to survive. Identify the items. List possible uses each item would have for early humans.

VIDEOS Use the videos and your text to make notes on the following: Define the Paleolithic and Neolithic Eras by noting the years and defining features (food, living arrangements, language/culture, etc) of each Identify some tactics Neolithic peoples used to make their lives better and more predictable/secure Identify some challenges brought on by those tactics/innovations Connect some aspect of Neolithic life to modern life https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsIvCdBS_aI&index=2&list=PLPK47OCLWGbOusISYEVyMW_1Qv7WMiN-r (Paleo and Neo Stuff under 8 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yocja_N5s1I&list=PLPK47OCLWGbOusISYEVyMW_1Qv7WMiN-r&index=3 (John Greene in his Crash Course History debut under 11 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8AN7n2sQOg&index=5&list=PLPK47OCLWGbOusISYEVyMW_1Qv7WMiN-r (Hip Hughes on Neolithic Rev (10 min)

HUMAN ORIGINS As you can see, humans are a relatively new addition to life on Earth. Prehistory refers to the period before humans developed writing systems. Because there are no written records from prehistoric peoples, discovering how they lived can be difficult. How do we know what life was like for prehistoric peoples? Archaeologists examine excavated sites for evidence: Bones can reveal physical appearance, height, diet, disease, and length of life. Artifacts (human-made objects) can reveal how people dressed, worshipped, or the types of work they did.

Anthropologists study artifacts to learn about the culture of early humans. Culture refers to a people’s unique way of life and involve shared ways of doing things in common. What components make up a people’s culture? How is culture learned?

Early Hominid Discovery Mary Leakey lead the search for evidence of early human life in Laetoli (Tanzania) in East Africa. In 1978, they discovered prehistoric human-like footprints preserved in volcanic ash. These were left by creatures called australopithecines, a type of early hominid (creatures that walk upright). These footprints are believed to be 3,600,000 years old. In 1974, anthropologist Donald Johanson discovered the complete skeleton of an early female hominid in Ethiopia. She was nicknamed “Lucy” and lived around 3.5. million years ago.