Final statement (pathos appeal) Hook (General) background Info 3-4 Thesis CEIEI 1 CEIEI 2 CEIEI 3 Thesis (restated) Summary of ideas with Final statement (pathos appeal)

Introduction – Purpose? Provide a ‘road map’ for your paper (there should be no surprises in your paper) Engage your reader – make him/her want to read the rest

Elements of an Introduction With the strips in your envelope, place the sentences in a logical order. Now that we have a complete paragraph, what do you notice about this paragraph? (In other words, what is included in it?)

How much is a performing whale or dolphin worth How much is a performing whale or dolphin worth? IS it worth shortening their lives by 20 years? Is “capturing intelligent, socially complex, wide-ranging animals from the wild and confining them for the public's amusement and amazement” (Gerdes) a good enough reason to shorten the life span of an animal? The issue of whether society should accept and allow marine parks to stay open has been widely debated recently. Even though there have been significant improvements regarding animal cruelty in the last several decades, there are still many countries including the United States that actively and violently capture marine animals to be used in performances at marine parks. It is an important issue because it concerns fundamental moral and economic questions about the way native wildlife is used. Federal governments should push for the introduction of laws which prohibit these unnecessary and cruel institutions.

Elements of an Intro Hook Provide background on the topic 1-3 sentences Provide background on the topic Include a statement as to why the topic is important 3-4 sentences Thesis: Clearly states the writer's argument/position/opinion One sentence

How much is a performing whale or dolphin worth How much is a performing whale or dolphin worth? IS it worth shortening their lives by 20 years? Is “capturing intelligent, socially complex, wide-ranging animals from the wild and confining them for the public's amusement and amazement” (Gerdes) a good enough reason to shorten the life span of an animal? The issue of whether society should accept and allow marine parks to stay open has been widely debated recently. Even though there have been significant improvements regarding animal cruelty in the last several decades, there are still many countries including the United States that actively and violently capture marine animals to be used in performances at marine parks. It is an important issue because it concerns fundamental moral and economic questions about the way native wildlife is used. Federal governments should push for the introduction of laws which prohibit these unnecessary and cruel institutions.

Introduction: Options for Hook Introductions should catch the reader's attention with a hook. Three options below: Begin with a startling fact or statistic. Make a general statement about the topic. For example, if your thesis is about banning steroid use in baseball, your hook could just be something related to baseball. Begin with a thought-provoking question related to the topic.

Writing a Developed and Detailed Conclusion Conclusions are just as important as introductions. The conclusion closes the essay and tries to close the issue. The aim is to convince the reader that your main argument is the best one on the issue. You should not present any new arguments in your conclusion.

These marine parks should be closed, or at the very least, no new animals should be captured for marine parks in the future. Society is no longer prepared to tolerate unnecessary cruelty to animals for science and entertainment. If the world continues with these past crimes against marine creatures this society will be remembered as cruel and inhuman by future generations.

Writing a Developed and Detailed Conclusion Restates the thesis 1 sentence Should not be an EXACT restatement Summarize your claims 1-2 sentences Reference all claims Provides a general warning of the consequences of not following the proposed change/thesis that you suggested (1-2 sentences) OR a general statement of how the community will benefit from following that proposed change (1-2 sentences) Both of these are pathos arguments.

These marine parks should be closed, or at the very least, no new animals should be captured for marine parks in the future. Society is no longer prepared to tolerate unnecessary cruelty to animals for science and entertainment. If the world continues with these past crimes against marine creatures this society will be remembered as cruel and inhuman by future generations.

Final statement (pathos appeal) Hook (General) background Info 3-4 Thesis CEIEI 1 CEIEI 2 CEIEI 3 Thesis (restated) Summary of ideas with Final statement (pathos appeal)