Origins of American Government and Federalism

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Presentation transcript:

Origins of American Government and Federalism Unit 3 Chapters 2-3

Representative Foundations Ancient Greek Direct Democracy (demokratia) Every citizen took an active role in government Ekklesia – Assembly that any citizen could take part in Boule – Comparable to Congress Dikasteria – Courts/Juries

Representative Foundations (cont) Roman Republic Consuls (monarchy) – carried out functions of former kings Senate (aristocratic) – appointed officials Assembly (democratic) – elected officials

Representative Foundations (cont) John Locke – Social Contract Charles de Montesquieu – Identified 3 branches of government, and 3 forms of government supported by social principles Monarchies (honor) Republics (virtue) Despotisms (fear)

Representative Foundations (cont) England lays the groundwork… Magna Carta (1215) – establishes limited monarchy English Bill of Rights (1688) Monarchs rule with consent of the people Parliament must approve all taxes and standing army Monarch cannot interfere with parliamentary activities Trial by a jury of their peers No cruel or unusual punishment, excessive fines, and bail

American Democracy Endless desire for adequate representation in government Mayflower Compact Choose their own leaders Create their own laws Colonies design their own “compacts” and legislatures

American Democracy (cont) Albany Plan of the Union (1754) Colonial Unity Included Native American Representatives

American Democracy (cont) First Continental Congress – economic Second Continental Congress – central government is completed

American Democracy (cont) At last…the Colonists declare their independence!

Pericles… Democracy allows men to advance because of merit instead of wealth or inherited class. In a democracy, citizens behave lawfully while doing what they like without fear of prying eyes. In a democracy, there is equal justice for all in private disputes.

Finally… Aristotle argued that in order for democracy to work, people needed to know the personal lives of their representatives. Why do you think he thought this? Do you and your partner agree with Aristotle’s argument? (why or why not) What modern events illustrate the need for a separation of powers?