In the study of kinematics, we consider a moving object as a particle.

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Presentation transcript:

In the study of kinematics, we consider a moving object as a particle. Motion in 1 Dimension v  In the study of kinematics, we consider a moving object as a particle. A particle is a point-like mass having infinitesimal size and a finite mass. Motion in One Dimension (2048)

= 5 m - 0 m Motion in 1 Dimension Displacement The displacement of a particle is defined as its change in position. x Dx = xf - xi = 5 m - 0 m = 5 m (m) -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 Note: Motion to the right is positive Motion in One Dimension (2048)

= -6 m - 5 m Motion in 1 Dimension Displacement The displacement of a particle is defined as its change in position. x Dx = xf - xi = -6 m - 5 m = -11 m (m) -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 Note: Motion to the left is negative Motion in One Dimension (2048)

= (-1 m) - (-6 m) Motion in 1 Dimension Displacement The displacement of a particle is defined as its change in position. x Dx = xf - xi = (-1 m) - (-6 m) = 5 m (m) -6 -4 -2 2 4 6 Note: Motion to the right is positive

Velocity is represented displacement-time graph Motion in 1 Dimension Average velocity The average velocity of a particle is defined as - - x x1 x2 t1 t2 Dx Dt Velocity is represented by the slope on a displacement-time graph t Motion in One Dimension (2048)

The average speed of a particle is defined as Motion in 1 Dimension Average speed The average speed of a particle is defined as x t1 t2 Dt d t Motion in One Dimension (2048)

Instantaneous velocity displacement-time graph Motion in 1 Dimension Instantaneous velocity The instantaneous velocity v, equals the limiting value of the ratio x t ∆ dx dt ∆ Instantaneous velocity is represented by the slope of a displacement-time graph The instantaneous speed of a particle is defined as the magnitude of its instantaneous velocity. Motion in One Dimension (2048)

Acceleration is represented Motion in 1 Dimension Average acceleration The average acceleration of a particle is defined as the change in velocity Dvx divided by the time interval Dt during which that change occurred. v v1 v2 t1 t2 Dv Dt Acceleration is represented by the slope on a velocity-time graph t Motion in One Dimension (2048)

Instantaneous acceleration Motion in 1 Dimension Instantaneous acceleration The instantaneous acceleration equals the derivative of the velocity with respect to time ∆ v t ∆ dv dt Instantaneous acceleration is represented by the slope of a velocity-time graph

Definitions of velocity and acceleration Motion in 1 Dimension Definitions of velocity and acceleration Instantaneous velocity Average velocity Instantaneous acceleration Average acceleration Motion in One Dimension (2048)