Grammar Lesson 4: Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases

Grammar Vocabulary Part of the Sentence Prepositional Phrase: Group of words that start with a preposition and ends with a noun (object) Object of the Preposition: A noun that ends a prepositional phrase Modifier: a word that adds information - Adjectives: modifies a noun or pronoun Adverbs: modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb

Grammar Vocabulary Part of Speech Preposition: A word that shows the relationship / location between two nouns / pronouns in a sentence Ex:  in, with, next, from Conjunction: connects words, phrase, clauses “joiners” Ex: and, but, for, so Adverbs: (next slide)

Examples of Adverbs Modifying Where? VERBS ONLY  Drove down  Jump away  Is here  Stand nearby When? VERBS ONLY  report later  come tomorrow  will leave soon  appeared suddenly In What Way? (-ly) VERBS ONLY  cautiously approached  walk quietly  smiled happily  tell unwillingly To What Extent? (-ly) ADJECTIVE, ADVERBS AND VERBS  nearly won  had almost left  hardly counted  scarcely escaped  does not have

Examples of Adjectives Modifying Questions Example What kind? Brick house White paper Which one(s)? That judge Each answer How many? One daffodil Several roses How much? No time Enough raisins

Preposition or Adverb? It depends on the function the word serves in the sentence to figure out if it is a preposition or an adverb. PREPOSITION  must have an object or a phrase EX: The ball flew past third base. EX: They sat inside the dugout. ADVERB  modifies a verb and has no object EX: The umpire ran past quickly. EX: Please come inside soon.

Frequently Used Prepositions About Above Across After Against Along Among Around at before Behind Below Beneath Beside Besides Between Beyond But By Down During Except For From In Inside Into Like Near Of Off On Onto Opposite Out Outside Over Past Since Through To Toward Under Underneath Until Up upon With Within Without

Compound Prepositions  multiple words make up the preposition According to Ahead of Apart from Aside from As of Because of By means of In addition to In back of In front of In place of In spite of Instead of In view of Next to On account of On top of Out of