NOW ONTO PROTEINS WHAT DO THEY DO?

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Presentation transcript:

NOW ONTO PROTEINS WHAT DO THEY DO? The major structural molecules in living things for growth and repair (muscles, ligaments, tendons, bones, hair, skin, nails). In fact ALL CELL MEMBRANES have protein in them Make up antibodies in the immune system Make up enzymes for helping chemical reactions

In other words: Proteins: Form muscles Fight germs Speed up chemical reactions (enzymes)

Muscles, ligaments, tendons, and bones: Without these particular structural proteins, we would look more like this….

Well, maybe not exactly…

Microscope View of Skin and Nails This is skin This is a nail

Cell Membrane The cell membrane surrounds everything in a cell so it doesn’t leak out. It is kind of like the balloon in a water balloon. The cell membrane is made mostly of protein AND lipids.

Antibodies Antibodies are part of the immune system. When something enters the body that isn’t supposed to be there, like certain bacteria, antibodies find the invader and stick themselves onto it. When a white blood cell finds the invader covered with antibodies, it knows it doesn’t belong there and kills it.

Enzymes Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions. If you didn’t have enzymes in your stomach to speed up digestion, the food would rot in your stomach because it would take so long!

HORMONES Hormones are chemicals made in glands that are in one place in the body and then put into the blood to be used in another. This diagram shows the hormone producing glands within the body.

Where Is Protein Found? In plant foods- in the cell membranes In animal products- in the muscles living things (cows, chicken, fish, etc.) Fruits, vegetables, grains, and nuts not as many amino acids

PROTEINS MADE UP OF... Proteins are made of long chains (polymers) made of monomers. All proteins are made of the monomer… AMINO ACID

The shapes of proteins are like a balled up piece of string Amino Acid chain All wound up

PROTEINS THINK: “CHONS” Each protein is made up of… AT THE ATOM LEVEL Each protein is made up of… Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen and sometimes Sulfur THINK: “CHONS”