9/25 Daily Catalyst Pg. 25 Comparative Anatomy 1. How could radioactive dating help analyze a fossil? A) Determining the fossil’s age. B) Determining whether the fossil was animal or a plant. C) Determining the mass of the fossil. D) Determining the size of the fossil. 2. The odd beetle lives in Asia and North America. It normally feeds on animal fur and hair. During the winter time, animals fur are long and plentiful, but during the summer, animals lose their fur coat. How would the odd beetle population be effected, if global warming continues to rise the earth’s average temperature? Fossils I, B, F, M, H, R Next Monday!!

9/25 Daily Catalyst Pg. 25 Comparative Anatomy 1. How could radioactive dating help analyze a fossil? A) Determining the fossil’s age. B) Determining whether the fossil was animal or a plant. C) Determining the mass of the fossil. D) Determining the size of the fossil. A 2. The odd beetle lives in Asia and North America. It normally feeds on animal fur and hair. During the winter time, animals fur is long and plentiful, but during the summer, animals lose their fur coat. How would the odd beetle population be effected, if global warming continues to rise the earth’s average temperature? We would see the odd beetle population decline until it adapted to a new food source because the animals hair would be much shorter with the warm weather. Fossils I, B, F, M, H, R Next Monday!!

9/25 Class Business Quiz #5 Evolution on Friday Test corrections are due Friday Materials and methods are due Friday

9/25 Agenda Daily Catalyst Class Business Explore Activity Warm up Anatomy Notes Fossil ranges

9/25 Objective We will be able to explain how anatomical evidence supports Darwin’s theory of evolution.

Darwin believed in natural selection: good traits

Darwin’s evidence Pg. 22 Fossils Comparative Anatomy

Explore Activity As a table group, complete the explore activity. There may be some unfamiliar vocabulary terms. Give me your best effort! Time: 12 minutes

NOTE TIME!! Key Point #1: Define Anatomy: The study of structures Today, we will compare anatomy of various organisms and look at how organisms have evolved over time to better adapt to their environment.

Comparative Anatomy There are 3 types of structures we will look at today. Homologous Analogous Vestigial Be ready to take some notes!

What do you notice about these structures? Common Ancestor They have similar bones. Do all of these organisms have the same bones? No, just similar. Do all of these structures have the same function? No. what is the same with these organisms? They have the same ancestor.

What do you notice about these structures?

Key Point #1: Homologous: Organisms have the SAME ancestor, but structures have different functions. Why? Do they share DNA? Yes, that is why they have similar bones.

Homologous Structures Evidence: Show that two species evolved from a common ancestor

What do these organisms have in common? These organisms all have large ears. Why? They all live in a similar environment which is hot and the ears disspate heat.

What do these organisms have in common?

2. Many different species that live in the same environment have similar adaptations Key Point #2: Analogous: DIFFERENT structures used for a similar purpose. These organisms have different ancestors.

Analogous Structures Evidence for Evolution – show that when organisms live in similar environments, they will adapt in the same way to survive.

What is the purpose of wisdom teeth? They used to have a purpose, but they are no longer needed.

Why do whales have hip bones if they don’t have legs? They are no longer needed

3. Many species have unnecessary body parts Key Point #3: Vestigial: Body parts that are no longer used

(they once needed the structure and now they do not!) Vestigial Structures Evidence for Evolution - Show that a species has changed over time (they once needed the structure and now they do not!)

Practice Time!

Analogous: similar function Is the body shape, homologous, analogous, or vestigial? Analogous: similar function

Homologous, analogous, or vestigial? Analogous: similar functions

Letter “c” = hind legs of a baleen whale skeleton Vestigial: no longer used!!!

HOMOLOGOUS: similar bone structure Guided Practice (GP) Alligators and bats have the same bone structure in their forelimbs (front legs for alligators, wings for bats). HOMOLOGOUS: similar bone structure After revealing the correct answer, ask random students to explain how the structure supports evolution

VESTIGIAL Guided Practice (GP) Humans have wisdom teeth (third molars), even though they are not needed to chew up food. After revealing the correct answer, ask random students to explain how the structure supports evolution VESTIGIAL

Guided Practice (GP) ANALOGOUS Birds and insects both have wings to fly the sky After revealing the correct answer, ask random students to explain how the structure supports evolution ANALOGOUS

Guided Practice (GP) VESTIGIAL Snakes don’t have legs, but they do have small hip and leg bones. After revealing the correct answer, ask random students to explain how the structure supports evolution VESTIGIAL

Fossil Ranges On page. 24, finish the fossil range project.

Work time Directions: Answer the questions in your notebook. You may work with a partner. This is homework, if you do not finish. The assignment will be checked tomorrow. Time:15 minutes Noise: 1 (partner)

Name Exit Ticket #6 This type of structure… 1. An organism has this structure, but no longer uses this structure. 2. Is seen in multiple organisms because it came from a common ancestor. 3. Is seen in multiple organisms because they live in similar environments. 4. How are fossils used as evidence for the theory of evolution? (2-3 complete sentences) Student Choice – there’s a WOW factor!

Name Exit Ticket #6 This type of structure… 1. An organism has this structure, but no longer uses this structure. Vestigial 2. Is seen in multiple organisms because it came from a common ancestor. Homologous 3. Is seen in multiple organisms because they live in similar environments. Analogous 4. How are fossils used as evidence for the theory of evolution? Fossils are used as evidence for evolution because fossils show us that organisms have changed over time and organisms have had to adapt to changes in the environment to survive. Student Choice – there’s a WOW factor!

Eyeless salamanders have eye sockets because the used to have eyes They live in caves. Siiick.

Yes they, do!

Guided Practice (GP) Human embryos and cat embryos both have tails After revealing the correct answer, ask random students to explain how the structure supports evolution

Guided Practice (GP) The human appendix – a small organ next to the intestines – doesn’t seem to do anything at all. After revealing the correct answer, ask random students to explain how the structure supports evolution

Guided Practice (GP) Dolphins and sharks both have fins to swim the ocean After revealing the correct answer, ask random students to explain how the structure supports evolution

Guided Practice (GP) Alligators and bats have the same bone structure in their forelimbs (front legs for alligators, wings for bats). After revealing the correct answer, ask random students to explain how the structure supports evolution

Guided Practice (GP) Humans have wisdom teeth (third molars), even though they are not needed to chew up food. After revealing the correct answer, ask random students to explain how the structure supports evolution

Guided Practice (GP) Humans and squids both have eyes, but they are modified to see in different environments After revealing the correct answer, ask random students to explain how the structure supports evolution

The gene pool All of the ___________ present in a population of _________. Today, we have been talking about anatomy that is proof of the evolution theory. What is the main idea of this unit? Survival! Organisms with evolve or adapt over time to survive and be able to reproduce. As animals evolve new characteristics are introduced or disappear. All of the genes present in a population of species is called the gene pool.

Over time, the gene pool changes! New genes are introduced by :_________ & _________ Old genes disappear because ______________________________ _____________ Adaptions and mutations They do not help survival

What else could lead to the gene pool changing? Predators could lead to the gene pool changing by killing off too many of one species.

What do species do to survive?

Over time, the gene frequency will change due to predators, resources and environmental changes.

How you might be tested on this

Don’t forget the fossil homework! Worksheet Directions: Using your book and notes, complete the anatomy worksheet. When you are finished, get ready for the exit ticket. Time: 15 minutes Noise: 1 (with partner) Don’t forget the fossil homework!

Exit Ticket This type of structure… An organism has but no longer uses Is in multiple organisms because it came from a common ancestor Is in multiple organisms because they live in similar environments Student Choice – there’s a WOW factor!