Section 3 Principles of Judaism

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Presentation transcript:

Section 3 Principles of Judaism Chapter 1 Section 3 Principles of Judaism

Ancient Israelites Abraham Egypt for 400 years Moses Ur of Mesopotamia (approx. 2000 BC) to Canaan Canaan > Palestine > Israel Abraham > Isaac > Jacob (Israel) > 12 sons (including Judah and Joseph) People of the Book (what happened to Ishmael?) Egypt for 400 years Moses

Kingdom of Israel David Solomon Kingdom splits Unites 12 tribes into single kingdom Solomon Builds temple, increases Israel’s influence and reputation Kingdom splits Israel (North), Judah (South)

Division and Conquest Israel (in the north) conquered by the Assyrian Empire and lost to history Babylonians replaced Assyrians and captured Judah (in the south) Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar destroys temple and removes Jews to Babylon Persian Empire conquers Babylon Jews allowed to return to homeland (Judea) under Persian Emperor Cyrus Captured by Roman General Pompey in 63 BC

Monotheism Beliefs of Israelites (Judaism) differed from most in that they believed in one God (Monotheism) Polytheism = many gods Chosen People Israelites believed God had made a covenant with Abraham and his descendants Promised Land Obey God’s Laws

Standards Check Pg 30 “How did the Jews’ Beliefs differ from those of other nearby peoples?

Torah Torah = “instruction” 10 commandments 7 Universal Laws Book of the Law, Books of Moses, the first 5 books of the Old Testament 10 commandments First 5 = religious duty to God Lat 5 = conduct toward others 7 Universal Laws Influence idea of basic human rights

7 Universal Laws (Laws of Noah) Do not deny God. Do not blaspheme God. Do not murder. Do not engage in illicit sexual relations. Do not steal. Do not eat from a live animal. Establish courts/legal system to ensure obedience to the law.

Ethical Worldview Prophets=spiritual leaders who interpreted God’s will (God’s spokesperson) Jews saw leaders not as gods, but bound by God’s laws Contributed to concept of the Rule of Law

Standards Check Pg 31 “What is the source of basic moral laws that Jews must obey?”

Scattering of the Jews Diaspora Zionism Started with Babylonian Captivity. Not all returned to their homeland. Roman mismanagement and cultural conflict led to a Jewish revolt in 66 AD. Jewish temple destroyed in 70 AD Many Jews already lived outside of Israel, many more fled. Scattering continued through the following centuries Zionism

Standards Check Pg 32 “How did the scattering of the Jewish people begin?”

Section 3 Assessment pg . 32 (2-6) Standards Checks Pg 30, 31, 32