Circulatory System

Circulatory System Components Vessels Veins, arteries, capillaries Blood Heart

Blood Functions Delivers nutrients and oxygen Takes out wastes Transports hormones Maintains temperature and pH Prevents infection video

Circulatory Anatomy Circulatory system has three circuits: Pulmonary circuit Coronary circuit Systemic circuit

Circulatory Anatomy: Important Vessels Veins: bring blood in Superior vena cava Inferior vena cava Pulmonary veins Arteries: take blood away Pulmonary arteries Aorta Capillaries: tiny vessels where gas exchange occurs

Heart Anatomy The heart: Septum Apex Atria Ventricles Valves Chordae tendinae p. 242-246

Circulatory Circuit Deoxygenated blood: Oxygenated blood Body->vena cava -> right atrium->right ventrical-> pulmonary artery->lungs Oxygenated blood Lungs->pulmonary vein ->left atrium->left ventrical->aorta-> body video

Blood Pressure Force exerted on arterial wall 2 numbers: Systole: contraction of ventricle (top number) Diastole: relaxation of ventricle (bottom number) Hypertension/Hypotension

Blood Pressure Category Systolic mm Hg (upper #)   Diastolic mm Hg (lower #) Normal   less than 120 and less than 80 Prehypertension 120 – 139 or 80 – 89 High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) Stage 1 140 – 159 90 – 99 High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) Stage 2 160 or higher 100 or higher Hypertensive Crisis (Emergency care needed) Higher than 180 Higher than 110

Pulse Frequency of heart beats Take pulse at “pulse points” Controlled by SNS and PSNS, adrenal and thyroid, age, activity Take pulse at “pulse points” Radial or brachial artery, carotid, temporal, popliteal, femoral, dorsalis pedis Conditions: Tachycardia Bradycardia