Properties of water notes

Water molecule

Polarity Water molecules are POLAR because they have positive and negative regions. This makes water the UNIVERSAL SOLVENT!

Universal solvent Water can dissolve many substances including carbohydrates and some proteins Water cannot dissolve lipids-they are HYDROPHOBIC This provides a watery (aqueous) environment for cells and their chemical reactions (metabolism)

Cohesion Water molecules are attracted to each other Water molecules form hydrogen bonds

Adhesion Water molecules are attracted to other molecules

Capillary action Results from adhesion and cohesion Allows water to defy gravity and move upward through veins called xylem in plants.

Less dense as a solid Water expands when it freezes because it forms crystal-like bonds Allows ice to float on ponds, lakes, and rivers!

High specific heat Large amount of energy is needed to heat water Water resists temperature change, helping to maintain homeostasis

High heat of vaporization Large amount of heat is needed to change boiling water to steam Produces evaporative cooling. This is why sweat cools you off!