Bernoulli’s, Pascal’s, & Archimedes’ Principles

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Presentation transcript:

Bernoulli’s, Pascal’s, & Archimedes’ Principles Principles of Lift, Buoyancy, and Pressure

A. Bernoulli’s Principle As the Velocity (speed) of a fluid increases, the Pressure exerted by the fluid decreases Why?

A. Bernoulli’s Principle Airplane lift Curve Ball View airplane wings explanation.

B. Archimedes’ Principle The buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object

B. Archimedes’ Principle The upward force of a Fluid exerted on an object. What is the downward Force exerted on an object? Gravity

B. Archimedes’ Principle From Archimedes’s Principle : Buoyant Force = Weight of fluid displaced = mg (note : F = ma) = Vg (note :  = m ) V Thus FB =  V g FB = Buoyant Force or Upward thrust  = Density of fluid V = Volume of fluid displaced or the volume of the object that immersed in the fluid. g = force of gravity

B. Archimedes’ Principle Mass = 20g Volume = 20ml Mass of Fluid= 20g

B. Archimedes’ Principle Gravity = 20 Buoyant Force = 20 Object is in Liquid

B. Archimedes’ Principle Mass = 50g Volume = 20ml Mass of Fluid= 20g

B. Archimedes’ Principle Gravity = 50 Buoyant Force = 20 Object SINKS

B. Archimedes’ Principle Mass = 30g Volume = 60ml Mass of Fluid= 60g

B. Archimedes’ Principle Gravity = 30 Buoyant Force = 60 Object Floats

B. Archimedes’ Principle Recall Fg= mg and Fb= V g If the buoyant force is less than the force of gravity (Fb<Fg) the object will sink If the buoyant force is greater than the force of gravity (Fb>Fg) the object will float If the buoyant force is equal to the force of gravity (Fb=Fg) the object will maintain the same depth

View hydraulics explanation. B. Pascal’s Principle pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid View hydraulics explanation.

B. Pascal’s Principle Platform: 1000 N = F2 F = 1000 N 250 m2 10 m2 A car weighing 1000 N sits on a 250 m2 platform. What force is needed on the 10 m2 plunger to keep the car from sinking? GIVEN: Platform: F = 1000 N A = 250 m2 Plunger: F = ? A = 10 m2 WORK: 1000 N = F2 250 m2 10 m2 (1000 N)(10 m2)=(250 m2)F2 F2 = 40 N

B. Pascal’s Principle A B Force ? Force = 15,000 N Area of A = 8 cm2 Area of B = 50 cm2 How much force must you apply on A to lift the object on B?

B. Pascal’s Principle A B FA = 15,000N 8 cm2 50cm2 FA =(8 cm2)(15,000 N) 50cm2 FA = 2,400 N

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