How the World Learned to Hate Based on Ideology The Cold War How the World Learned to Hate Based on Ideology

The Cold War lasted from the end of W. W The Cold War lasted from the end of W.W.II to December 1991 and has often been described as a time when… The U.S. & Soviet Union emerged as the world’s only superpowers beginning an era of ideological struggle defined by hostility, tension, & global competition. Why is it called a “cold war”? There was no direct fighting. If it is a war, how was it fought? With proxy wars: wars fought between lesser powers on behalf of stronger powers. Who won & what did the victor gain? U.S. won, gained a larger sphere of influence, but was left to police the world. The Cold War

1. At the end of W.W.II, there were only two nations left that could dictate world policy. These two nations were… At the End of W.W.II

1. At the end of W.W.II, there were only two nations left that could dictate world policy. These two nations were the U.S. & Soviet Union. Both the U.S. & Soviet Union were considered superpowers because… The United States had largest economy in the world & nuclear weapons. The Soviet Union had the second largest economy in the world & the largest military. Based upon their apparent strengths & weaknesses, in what ways will the U.S. & Soviet Union compete? At the End of W.W.II

At the End of W.W.II 2. Both superpowers wanted to… Rebuild Europe using their respective economic principles. Why? To gain access to raw materials & markets for their goods. Maintain peace using their ideologies & military. Why? To prevent a W.W.III by creating allies & direct influence. Expand their spheres of influence at their rival’s expense. Why? Both wanted more influence to maintain their idea of world peace. At the End of W.W.II

The Struggle

The U.S. wanted to accomplish their goals through… Capitalism, Democracy, & American Values. The Soviets wanted to accomplish their goals through… Communism, Dictatorship, & Soviet Values. What do we notice about the relationship between the U.S. & the Soviet Union? They are opposites & in competition for influence. This is why they disliked & distrusted one another. At the End of W.W.II

What Makes Them So Different? United States Soviet Union 1. The USSR supports all communist & pro-Soviet nations. The USSR has total control over its citizens. What does this mean exactly? 1. The U.S. supports all democratic & pro-U.S. nations. The U.S. allows a great deal of freedom for its citizens. What does this mean exactly? What Makes Them So Different?

What Makes Them So Different? United States Soviet Union 2. The U.S. allows a great deal of freedom in the economy. This is a principle of a Market Economy. Supply & Demand controls all aspects of the economy and those forces are controlled by the people. This is a Free Market. 2. The USSR completely regulates its economy. This is a principle of a Command Economy. The GOV controls all aspects of the economy & does not allow the people to have any freedom or property. This is a Planned Market. What Makes Them So Different?

Rebuilding Europe Aid package of Soviet control open to all of Europe. USSR Rebuilding Eastern Europe U.S. Rebuilding Western Europe 1. U.S. rebuilding plan was called The Marshall Plan. Aid package of $13 Billion open to all of Europe. The purpose was to align Europe w/ the U.S. economy. This would increase the U.S. sphere of influence. 1. USSR rebuilding plan was called The Molotov Plan. Aid package of Soviet control open to all of Europe. The purpose was to align Europe w/ the Soviet economy. This would increase the Soviet sphere of influence. Rebuilding Europe

U.S. Rebuilding Western Europe USSR Rebuilding Eastern Europe Western Europe accepted the Marshall Plan fearing Soviet influence. The West would reorganize itself into an economic union with U.S. aid; now called the European Union. This plan for economic integration would prevent war, increase cooperation, & ensure a prosperity. Eastern Europe accepted the Molotov Plan fearing the Soviet military presence. The East would reorganize itself into a puppet region controlled by the S.U.; called the Eastern Bloc. This plan for economic planning would tie the East to the Soviets & deplete those nations’ natural resources. Rebuilding Europe

Rebuilding Europe 2. Results were that Western Europe… U.S. Rebuilding Western Europe USSR Rebuilding Eastern Europe 2. Results were that Western Europe… Recovered faster w/ stronger economies & higher standards of living. The U.S. & the West created NATO. A military alliance to protect the West from Soviet attacks. 2. Results were that Eastern Europe… Recovered slower w/ weaker economies & lower standards of living. The USSR & the East created the Warsaw Pact. A military alliance to protect the East from U.S. attacks. Rebuilding Europe

3. By the 1950’s, the U.S. & the Soviet Union saw each other as… Their main rival & great evil that wanted to destroy their way of life. They both saw any advantage of their rival as a threat to their influence & a plot for world domination. They both would use threats of military force, espionage, & proxy wars to hurt their rival’s influence. Rebuilding Europe

Oppressive, Brutal, Cruel Military Dictatorship Communist Who would we support?

Oppressive, Brutal, Cruel Military Dictatorship Communist Who would we support?

GOV that is Anti-Freedom, Anti-Rights, Anti-Democracy Communist Who would we support?

GOV that is Anti-Freedom, Anti-Rights, Anti-Democracy Communist Who would we support?

Dictator that killed 200,000 women & children with poison gas Communist Who would we support?

Dictator that killed 200,000 women & children with poison gas Communist Who would we support?

Who would we support? Communist Terrorist calling for Islamic Fundamentalism & death to Western influences Communist Who would we support?

Who would we support? Communist Terrorist calling for Islamic Fundamentalism & death to Western influences Communist Who would we support?