Canadian Independence

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Presentation transcript:

Canadian Independence

Ottawa Toronto Calgary Winnipeg Quebec City Vancouver Montreal Ontario Quebec Nova Scotia New Brunswick Manitoba British Columbia Prince Edward Island Saskatchewan Alberta Newfoundland and Labrador Nunavut Northwest Territories Yukon Territory Ottawa Toronto Calgary Winnipeg Quebec City Vancouver Montreal Edmonton

Canadian Independence Evolutionary not Revolutionary 1759 – British defeat France to secure Quebec Ends Seven Years War 1776-1783 American War for Independence British defeated and reconsolidated NA holdings 1791 – Constitution Act of 1791 Parliamentary system Lower Assembly had power to tax (but not spend) 1837 – Armed Rebellion in Upper and Lower Canada

Upper Canada William Lyon MacKenzie Sought republican ideas US born citizens should vote, Responsible Gov’t, power to elected assembly, end of power of Anglican Church Turned to armed rebellion British defeated him How to best keep colony British (not whether)

Lower Canada Louis Joseph Papineau Advocate of republic Responsible gov’t French and British could not get along 1837 – Assembly gave governor control of purse Armed violence British put down

Durham Report Lord Durham assigned to fix problems United the Colonies Granted responsible government Eventually (1867) Canada would become an independent dominion within British Empire

Charlottetown Conference Sept 1864 British-led Wanted to unite Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and New Brunswick John MacDonald No union among the three Talks of a greater Union

Quebec Conference October 1864 Goal to develop plans for confederation 72 Resolutions Bicameral Legislature Commons Senate French Speaking Quebec preserved

A lot of resistance to Confederation Fenian’s raids, Purchase of Alaska , etc raised concern

London Conference December 1866 – February 1867 British North America Act 72 Resolutions was basis Federal system of government Parliamentary A lot of power to provinces (each with a single house legislature) Two official languages Ottawa capital MacDonald 1st Prime Minister Would build transcontinental railroad Canada fully independent 70 years later

Little Ben Holmes: “And some naughty children attempt to pawn their mother’s pocket- handkerchief but are arrested by policeman who was stationed around the corner

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