Science 9 Unit 4: Ecology Lesson 3: Food Chains/Web & Bioaccumulation/Biomagnification.

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Presentation transcript:

Science 9 Unit 4: Ecology Lesson 3: Food Chains/Web & Bioaccumulation/Biomagnification

Objectives By the end of the lesson you should be able to: Describe what a food chain and food web are Describe how bioaccumulation effects an organism Relate food chains/webs to biomagnification

Food Chains All food chains start with the sun Arrow always points to who is doing the eating (E.G. where the energy is going) (Note that the sun isn’t eating the flower!)

Terminology Producer: makes their own food Primary consumer: eats the producer (aka: the herbivore) Secondary consumer: eats the primary consumer (aka: a carnivore) Tertiary consumer: eats the secondary consumer (aka: a carnivore) Quaternary consumer: eats the tertiary consumer

Note: only 10% of an organisms energy gets passed up the pyramid

Detritivore VS Decomposer Detritivores: - Organisms that gain their energy from eating dead organisms or animals wastes Decomposers: - Organisms that break down organic matter into useable nutrients

Food Webs A number or inter-related food chains create a food web Who’s who in this food web?

Your Turn! Watch this video and see if you can label the organisms as they appear and create a food web!

Your Turn! Food chains/web activity: BC animals Food chains/web activity: aliens!

BC Food Web

Trophic Level and % energy: Alien Food Web Autotroph or Heterotroph? Trophic Level and % energy:

Bioaccumulation Gradual build up of synthetic and organic chemicals in living organisms These chemicals build up because decomposers cannot break them down so they remain in an ecosystem These chemicals usually build up in fatty tissues These chemicals can effect the nervous, reproductive and immune systems

Chemicals PCBs: polychlorinated biphenyls Used from 1930-1970 Ex: coolants, lubricants Banned in North America POPs: persistent organic pollutants Ex: DDT – introduced in 1941, now banned in most countries Toxic at 5 ppm (part per million) Heavy Metals: Pb, Cd, Hg Lead: electronics; toxic at 0.0012 ppm Cadmium: smoking, half life of 30 yrs! Mercury: 40+% from coal burning

Biomagnification Process where chemicals become more concentrated at each trophic level More toxic for the higher trophic level organisms first – why?

Your Turn! Paperclip activity Product Research – if time! Percent % Organism