Family, Interpersonal Relationships, Groups, and Social Situations How Do Our Families Influence Us? How Do We Act In Interpersonal Relationships? How Do Groups Influence Our Social Interactions? How Do We Interact In Social Situations?

Family Influence Families perform vital functions for society and for their members. Six Basic Functions of Families: Physical Maintenance and Care of Family Members Addition of New Members Socialization of Children for Adult Roles Self Control of Members Maintenance of Family Morale and Motivation Production and Consumption of Goods and Services

Interpersonal Relationships Communication Climate is the key to positive relationships Not specific activities The way people feel about each other Tone is shaped by how valued we feel Confirming Messages that convey value Valuing and Confirming Levels Recognition Physical presence of the other person Acknowledgement Acknowledge the ideas and feelings of another person Endorsement Agreeing with the other person’s ideas

Groups Thresholds (Standards of Behaviour for Participation) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V74AxCqOTvg Lawless Impulsive people who need little provocation before they try to retaliate Little understanding of or concern for consequence of their actions. Suggestible Easily influenced by an impulsive leader Unlike to initiate action on their own Cautious Strong interests in actions initiated by others Would not act because of fear of the law If constraint is lifted, they take action in pursuit of their own interests

Yielder Supportive Resisters Easily persuaded that everybody is engaged in a particular activity Act when a sufficient number of people are acting because they do not want to be left out See an action is right because others are engaged in it. Supportive Cannot be “stampeded” into an action Do no activity oppose it May watch/shout encouragement Not violent, but they do not stand out against violence in others Resisters Values make them opposed to mob action Will not support mob action, even passively In danger of their lives if they speak up at the wrong time (in extreme cases)

Social Situations Social Norms Imitation Social facilitation Rules that regulate human life, including social conventions, explicit laws and implicit cultural standards. Imitation Probably the most powerful social influence on our behaviour and attitudes is the behaviour of other people. Social facilitation Increased activity resulting from the presence of another person. Social loafing Decreased activity resulting from the presence of another person.

Reciprocity Commitment Attractive people Authority Tendency to pay back favours others have done for us  Does not require that the “favour” be initially requested or even wanted The debt of obligation can be so strong that reciprocity can be exploited by those who want us to comply with their requests when we would otherwise not do so Commitment Once people commit themselves by making a decision and acting on it, they are reluctant to renounce their commitment.  Commitment increases people’s compliance even when the reason for the original commitment is removed. Attractive people People want to be liked by attractive people being liked by attractive people makes them more desirable  People tend to emphasize their associations with attractive and important people. Authority People tend to comply with the requests of people in authority and to be swayed by their persuasive arguments, and such obedience is generally approved by society