Microscope Basics 1

Base -Single piece of metal -Support here when moving →Color RED

Arm -Hold here when moving →Color Dark GREEN

-Hole allows light to pass through Stage -Supports Specimen -Hole allows light to pass through → Color BLUE

-controls amount of light -ranges 1-5 →Color LIGHT GREEN Diaphragm -controls amount of light -ranges 1-5 →Color LIGHT GREEN

Stage Clips -secures specimen/slide → Color GREY

-NEVER use the sunlight it will hurt your eyes!! Bulb/Mirror -light source -NEVER use the sunlight it will hurt your eyes!! →Color YELLOW

Scanning Objective Lens -shortest lens -4x magnification →Color BLACK

Low Power Objective Lens -10x magnification →Color PURPLE

High Power Objective Lens -40x magnification →Color ORANGE STRIPES

-allows light from objective to pass upward Body Tube -allows light from objective to pass upward →Color BROWN

-Site of observation -10x magnification →Color ORANGE Eye Piece/Ocular lens -Site of observation -10x magnification →Color ORANGE

-Allows you to switch objective lenses Nose Piece -Allows you to switch objective lenses →Color BLUE and GREEN stripes

Coarse Adjustment Knob -used to focus specimen -DO NOT use on high power objective lens →Color PINK

-Used for minute focusing -Used after coarse adjustment knob Fine Adjustment Knob -Used for minute focusing -Used after coarse adjustment knob →Color Tan

Total magnification = (ocular lens power) x (objective lens power) Example: (10x)oculear lens x (40x)high power lens = 400x total magnification Magnification: The ability to increase the size of an image Objective Lens Ocular Lens X = 400x total magnification

Light Pathway: Light Source→Specimen→Objective Lens→Body Tube→Eye Piece

ability to determine between two objects or points Resolution making the image clear ability to determine between two objects or points can be adjusted with the fine/course knob or the diaphragm (to allow more light in)

Comparing Powers of Magnification We can see better details with higher the powers of magnification, but we cannot see as much of the image. Which of these images would be viewed at a higher power of magnification? 19

Use of a Scope Carry the microscope with 2 hands (arm & base) Use closest electrical outlet without going through a walkway Looking at a slide: Use ONLY ONE slide at a time ALWAYS start at LOW power first(10x) ALWAYS start with the stage lowered completely Make sure the objective clicks into position The course focus knob is ONLY used on the lowest power lens The fine focus knob is used on all lenses to bring the image into focus 20

Putting the Microscope Away Lower the stage completely and click the lowest objective into place Return slide to tray Wind up the scope power cord 21

Biological Drawings Drawing is an important skill to have in biology. Draw what you see, not what you think you should see. Avoid unnecessary detail. Drawings will help you remember its features at a later date (ex: test) Pay attention to detail and use PENCIL. Color using color pencils. Accurate title and labels should be included

Dicot Stem Cross Section Example

Copepod Example

Agenda Finish Microscope Handout Study Guide Extra Credit Flashcards Glue in notebook when finished Due tomorrow Study Guide Answer on separate piece of paper Due Friday Extra Credit Flashcards Make 20

Types of Microscopes 1. Compound Light Microscope: Shines light through a specimen and uses 2 lenses for magnification Magnification – increase in an objects apparent size Resolution – how clear the image appears once magnified Max clear magnification ~2000x 2. Electron microscope: Uses electrons instead of light to visualize the specimen, electrons bounce off or pass through and a computer interprets a picture Always black and white, specimen must be dead to examine Scanning EM – magnifies up to 100,000x Transmission EM – magnifies up to 200,000x 26

Microscope Images Compound Light Microscope - Protozoa Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Butterfly Tongue Transmission Electron Microscope - Bacteria 27