Macro-molecules “The Stuff of Life”.

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Presentation transcript:

Macro-molecules “The Stuff of Life”

Macromolecules Macro = Large Molecule = A group of atoms, held together by chemical bonds, in a specific structure.

Macromolecules Polymers = macromolecules composed of sub-units called monomers. Monomers- Smaller molecules able to make bonds with other molecules to form polymers.

Carbohydrates Sugars Starches- Structural- Store Energy Cellulose- Plants Chitin- Fungi, Insects

Carbohydrates Monomers = saccharide, or monosaccharide Polymers = polysaccharide

Lipids Fats Oils Waxes

Lipids Store Energy Structural- Cell Membrane

Lipids Monomer = Fatty Acids Saturated Unsaturated

Proteins Provide Support Help with Chemical Reactions Transport Substances Hormones

Proteins Monomers = Amino Acids There are 20 Amino Acids Proteins are chains of Amino Acids folded into complex shapes. A protein’s function is related to it’s complex shape. →

Nucleic Acids DNA = Deoxyribonucleic Acid RNA = Ribonucleic Acid

Nucleic Acids DNA- A double stranded molecule RNA- A single stranded molecule

Nucleic Acids DNA and RNA work together to store and transmit the genetic code. DNA’s structure allows it to be copied.

Nucleic Acids Monomers = Nucleotides Nitrogenous Bases- There are 4. Sequence determines genetic code. Adenine- (A) Thymine- (T) Guanine- (G) Cytosine- (C)