What is the last dream you remember that is school appropriate? Bell Work
SENSES AND PERCEPTIONS!!!!! The basis of experience!
Definitions Sensation: Perception: Stimulation of sensory receptors and the transmission of sensory information to the CNS Perception: Interpretation of sensory information
The Basics: Senses
Absolute Threshold Weakest stimulus sensed.
Difference Threshold Minimum amount of difference that can be detected between two stimuli Difference in paint chips
Sensory Adaptation Process of becoming more sensitive to weak stimuli and less sensitive to unchanging stimuli Blind, use other senses Furniture moving prank Traffic sounds
Vision
Light Electromagnetic Energy Wavelengths We don’t see all Rainbows = visual of spectrum
The Eye Light enters through Pupil Controls amount of light Adjusts automagically The Lens is encountered once light enters Adjusts to the distance of objects by changing thickness. Hold finer out, then bring it slowly to your nose. Follow the finger with your eyes. What do you feel?
The Eye The Retina is the surface that consists of neurons that is sensitive to light. Neurons sensitive to light are Photoreceptors
Blind Spot
More Eye Goodness The Blind Spot Rods and Cones Where the optic nerve travels to the brain, cannot receive Rods and Cones Rods – sensitive to brightness of light (Black and White) Cones – Color Vision Dark and Light Adaptation Adapting between light and dark environments
Afterimages in Color Vision
Color Blindness Partially or totally unable to distinguish color Absence/Malfunction in Cones Total Colorblindness is rare
Color Blindness
Color Blindness
Color Blindness
Color Blindness
Hearing
Pitch – Aca-Excuse Me! Sound waves Depends on frequency Rubber bands? Some animals have better hearing
Loudness Higher waves are louder Decibels
The Ear Shaped to catch sound waves Eardrum Vibrates to transmit sound
Locating Sounds Using ears to locate sounds Turn head Vision
Hearing Teenager Hearing Loss Hearing Test
Other Senses
Smell Weak Taste Odors detected by receptor neurons Adaptation to smell Stinky smells Dangerous
Taste Sweetness Sourness Bitterness Saltiness Flavor: odor, texture, temperature, taste
Le Tongue
The Skin Senses Not “Touch” Pressure Temperature Hair cells Structures sensitive: fingertips, lips, nose, cheeks vs. calves, thighs, and shoulders Temperature Temperature sensors beneath skin
Skin Senses Pain Adaptive Not all areas equally sensitive Origin at point of contact CNS – spinal cord to thalamus – cerebral cortex Rubbing/scratching Gate theory Use different sensations to distract brain
Phantom Limb Amputees
Body Senses Vestibular Sense Kinesthesis Physical alignment (upright, laying down, etc.) You know without thinking/looking Kinesthesis Close your eyes. Touch your nose. Sense that informs people about position/motion Joint, tendons, and muscles
Divide into six groups. Two groups may have more than five people
Groups: Vision Hearing Smell Taste Skin Senses Body Senses
Define, Draw, Describe Define your term simply and draw an image for the front of a postcard. On the back, put each persons name and a description of how sensory information is relayed to the brain