Metals III

Goal of the class To introduce the different types of metals found on the periodic table. Question of the day: How could the stability of an atom be predicted? Previous Answer: The reactivity of caesium is greater than sodium. Previous question: How would you expect the reactivity to be for sodium vs. caesium?

Transition metals The transition metals are placed in the centre of the periodic table, between groups 2 and 3. They are generally hard and dense, and less reactive than the alkali metals Same as before

Transition Metals The transition metals have the following properties in common: they form coloured compounds they are less reactive than alkali metals such as sodium they have high melting points - but mercury is a liquid at room temperature they are usually hard and tough they have high densities they are good conductors of heat and electricity they can be hammered or bent into shape easily

Transition Metals they are good conductors of heat and electricity they can be hammered or bent into shape easily

Lanthanides Originally called “rare earth metals” Can be difficult to separate within the same group Soft and malleable compared to transition metals Can make very strong magnets Talk about ions formed Na+, Li+, K+ etc

Actinides Actinides all have radioactive elements No stable isotopes Uranium is the largest element found in nature Many actinides are also synthetic elements Their size and lack of stability makes them ideal for nuclear reactions Talk about ions formed Na+, Li+, K+ etc

Stability Elements have a different levels of stability depending on their size. The strong force of the nucleus will hold the nucleus together Electromagnetic field pushes the protons apart The more protons, the more it is pushed apart Iron is the most stable element When elements are too large, there are no stable isotopes Conductivity is both thermal and electrical

Stability Conductivity is both thermal and electrical

Synthetic elements Synthetic elements are elements created in a lab Much larger than elements found in nature Created by using a particle accelerator to collide atoms together Accelerates particles to relativistic speeds The atoms stick together forming a new nucleus Nucleus eventually breaks apart   Synthetic elements   Rare radioactive natural elements; often produced artificially In chemistry, a synthetic element is a chemical element that does not occur naturally on Earth, and can only be created artificially. So far, 20 synthetic elements have been created (those with atomic numbers 99–118). All are unstable, decaying with half-lives ranging from a year to a few milliseconds.

Synthetic elements 208,82Pb + 58,26Fe -> 265,108Hs +1,0n Hassium-265 Nuclear transmutation

Poor Metals Share groups with non metals and metalloids Many different name for this grouping Low melting temperature High electronegativity Softer than transition metals 208,82Pb + 58,26Fe -> 265,108Hs +1,0n Hassium-265 Nuclear transmutation

Vocabulary Relativistic – Velocities comparable to the speed of light. Particle accelerator – a device that accelerates particles to extremely high speeds, for the purpose of inducing high energy reactions or producing high energy radiation.

Homework Read: Chemical Building Blocks pages 98-105 Complete workbook pages 41-42. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/build-an-atom