Period 4 Part 2( ) AP United States History

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Presentation transcript:

Period 4 Part 2(1800-1848) AP United States History Sectionalism, 1820-1860 Period 4 Part 2(1800-1848) AP United States History

Regional Specialization NORTH Industrialization Urbanization Immigration Reform Movements WEST Nation’s Breadbasket Fur traders Cattle ranching Mining SOUTH King Cotton Plantation system Upper South Deep South Peculiar Institution

Immigration Irish Germans California Gold Rush 1849-1850 Nativists Irish Potato Famine (1840s) Mostly settled in northeastern urban centers Germans Mostly settled in northern states west of the Appalachians California Gold Rush 1849-1850 Nativists Anti-immigrants, anti-Catholic Know-Nothing Party

The South King Cotton Year Exported Cotton (lbs) $ Export Value % of Exports 1800 17,789,803 $5,000,000 7% 1810 93,261,462 $15,108,000 22% 1820 127,860,152 $22,308,667 32% 1830 298,459,102 $29,674,883 41% 1840 743,941,061 $63,870,307 51% 1850 635,381,604 $71,984,616 49% 1860 1,767,686,338 $191,806,555 57%

Slave Life The “Peculiar Institution”

Slave Population of the South (1860) South Carolina - 57% Mississippi - 55% Louisiana - 47% Alabama - 45% Florida - 45% Georgia - 44% North Carolina - 33% Virginia - 31% Texas - 30% Arkansas - 26% Tennessee - 25% Kentucky - 20% Maryland - 13% Missouri - 10% Delaware - 1.5%

Slave Revolts Nat Turner Revolt in Virginia in 1831 led to 55 white deaths Whites retaliated with brutality and quashed anti-slavery discussions in the South Caused Northerners to be more critical of slavery

Free and Slave States (1789-1861)

The South White Society Planter Class 20 or more slaves 0.6% of Southern population Small Slave owners 88% of slave owners; strived to be Planters Usually worked in fields with slaves Professionals Lawyers, doctors, clergy, writers Depended on planter class Yeoman Farmers/Poor whites Backbone of Southern society Independent, self-sufficient, local commercial market Aspired to be future slave owners Mountain people pastoral farming Perceived as lazy and uneducated