Focus Question 7:. What is “reader-response essays” Focus Question 7: * What is “reader-response essays”? * How would you ask your learners to do it if they are 3rd grade novice ELL? Kwak, Hee-gyung

Reader-response Essay Readers write their various responses to their reading.

Emotional Responses Responding to particular characters or situations They relate to their own lives and experiences. e.g. the story, “The Giving Tree” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=32A31SzVhyw Q: Who seems to give everything to you like the tree? What have he or she done for you? e.g. the story, “The Emperor’s New Clothes” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fgFlbgwWf94 Q: Who do you think is the most foolish? A king, servants or people?

Interpretative Responses Readers make an inference about their reading or draw some conclusion on the basis of the evidence of the story. e.g. the story, “Rumpelstiltskin” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0leZZgforlw Q: Why did Rumpelstiltskin ask the first child in return for his last help? e.g. the story, “The Emperor’s New Clothes” Q: What would happen to the emperor and his country after the story?

Critical or Evaluative Responses Readers make some judgment about their reading. e.g. the story, “The Emperor’s New Clothes” Q: At the end of the story, the wicked tailor left the country safely. What do you think about this ending? Do you want to add more story about the punishment for the wicked tailor? If yes, write a story. If no, write why.

Preliminary essay The responses that mentioned above are for after reading activities. However, before reading, readers can write a preliminary essay. e.g. the story, “The Emperor’s New Clothes” Before reading the story, ask Ss to write an essay about “Who do you think is foolish?” After reading the story, Ss can write a follow-up essay reconsidering the same issue in the new light shed by the story.

For 3rd grade novice ELL Novice Level is not able to write an essay, but they can express their ideas with approximately 4-5 sentences. Students are cognitively able to discuss these topics, but they might have difficulty writing their ideas.(linguistic difficulty) Therefore, first, teach key vocabularies from the story. Give Ss enough opportunities to express their ideas verbally. After enough discussion, for internalizing the story let Ss write their own ideas. => From intermental level to intramental level