Aim: How did the reform movements of the 1840’s affect the US?

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Presentation transcript:

Aim: How did the reform movements of the 1840’s affect the US? Growth of US ↑Industry ↑ population Improved transportation Problems due to growth Poverty/drinking/lack of education/ Middle Class reformers Education $$ Political power

Religious Reform 2nd Great Awakening Many new religions developed People choose their path or destiny Opposite of predestination Empowered the common man Many new religions developed Mormons Utopian societies

Transcendentalism an idealistic philosophical and social movement that developed in New England around 1836 in reaction to rationalism. Influenced by romanticism, Platonism, and Kantian philosophy, it taught that divinity pervades all nature and humanity, and its members held progressive views on feminism and communal living. Ralph Waldo Emerson/ Henry David Thoreau/ Walden Pond "What lies behind us, and what lies before us are tiny matters compared to what lies within us." True knowledge or ideal spiritual state “transcends”, or is unable to know through the physical and empirical world Non-violent protests Didn’t pay taxes Jailed abolitionists

Temperance Movement The goal was to reduce, not necessarily end drinking! Why? Moral/Health Work/$$ Why women? Husbands spent $$/ decrease in family stability Successful??? 1830- 7.1 gallons year, 1850- 1.8 gallons year Maine 1851 banned alcohol 13 states before Civil War at one time or another banned alcohol 18th Amendment- Prohibition (1919)

Alcohol Consumption in US

And you thought you had a bad hangover the next morning?

I thought the goal was to stop us from drinking???????

Education Horace Mann Free public elementary schools High School very rare 3 R’s Teachers often were “fly by night” Longer school years Teacher preparation 1 room schoolhouse

Prisons/Mentally ill Dorothea Dix Toured prisons throughout US Debtors/ hardcore criminals and mentally retarded people in same jails Mentally retarded chained to the walls Purpose of jails Originally punitive She alters it to “correction” “reform” “rehabilitation” She leads way for mental hospitals

Seneca Falls Convention Elizabeth Cady Stanton/ Lucretia Mott “Declaration of Sentiments” Reread Dec. of Independence and put “women” in “History of Women’s Suffrage” Start of women fight for voting rights National Women’s Rights Convention-Worcester Mass.