Non-Uniform Motion Outcomes:

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Presentation transcript:

Non-Uniform Motion Outcomes: S2-3-03 Analyze the relationships among velocity, time and acceleration for an object accelerating at a constant rate.

Non-Uniform Motion… Average velocity: Velocity of an object over an interval of time Slope of a d-t graph Ex) You drive to Brandon (200km) in 2 hours. What is your average velocity? Instantaneous velocity: Velocity of an object at an instant in time Ex) An hour after you left Winipeg, you were driving 60km/hr because of a construction zone

Non-Uniform Motion… So far we have only looked at uniform motion, and for uniform motion: Average Velocity = Instantaneous Velocity With non-uniform motion, an object will be accelerating or decelerating, causing changes in its velocity Therefore: Average Velocity ≠ Instantaneous Velocity If speed or velocity is non-uniform, then a distance-time or position-time graph will be curved:

Non-Uniform Motion… To find the average velocity for the curve (or part of it), you would still find the slope of a line between two points; If you want to find the instantaneous velocity at an exact moment in time, you would draw a tangent line at that point and find its slope:

Acceleration… Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity or speed. It is calculated by the change in speed versus the change in time. Units for acceleration are m/s2 (or km/hr2). Acceleration needs a direction if velocity is used. Ex) Gravity causes objects to accelerate toward the earth at a rate of 9.8 m/s2  a skydivers velocity will increase by 9.8m/s every second. Like velocity, acceleration can be uniform or non-uniform. In this course we will concentrate on uniform (constant) acceleration. OR

Acceleration Examples… If you speed up on a motorcycle from rest (0m/s) to 9.0m/s in a time of 2 seconds, what is your acceleration? If a car accelerates from 0 to 100km/hr in 6 seconds. What is the average acceleration of the car?

Try these ones… A snowboarder is moving 1.8m/s near the top of a hill. 4.2s later he is travelling at a velocity of 8.3m/s down the hill. What is his average acceleration? If a race car is travelling at 100km/h comes to a stop in 5.0s what is the average acceleration?

Try this one… A bus with an initial speed of 12m/s accelerates at 0.62m/s2 for 15s, what is the final speed of the bus?