Kinematics: Displacement and Velocity

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

One Dimensional Motion Review of the basics AP Physics.

Advertisements

Chapter 2. Concepts of Motion

Graphing motion. Displacement vs. time Displacement (m) time(s) Describe the motion of the object represented by this graph This object is at rest 2m.

Speed vs. Velocity.

-Speed and Velocity -Uniform Linear Motion Physics Mrs. Coyle

Linear Motion 1 Aristotle 384 B.C B.C. Galileo

Motion Vectors. Displacement Vector  The position vector is often designated by.  A change in position is a displacement.  The displacement vector.

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPHS: UNIFORM AND NON-UNIFORM MOTION

I: Intro to Kinematics: Motion in One Dimension AP Physics C Mrs. Coyle.

Linear Kinematics : Velocity & Acceleration. Speed Displacement - the change in position in a particular direction and is always a straight line segment.

Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension 2-1 Displacement and Velocity  Motion – takes place over time Object’s change in position is relative to a reference.

Aim: How can we distinguish between a vector and scalar quantity? Do Now: What is the distance from A to B? Describe how a helicopter would know how to.

DESCRIBING MOTION: Kinematics in One Dimension CHAPTER 2.

MOTION IN ONE-DIRECTION: DISPLACEMENT, VELOCITY, & ACCELERATION PHYSICS.

Resolve the vector into x & y components 40.0 m/s at 45 o SoW.

1 Lesson 1: Physics 150 / 215 Describing Motion Basic Terms & Units of measurement –distance & displacement –speed & velocity –acceleration Analyzing Motion.

Velocity. Speed  Speed measures the rate of change of position along a path.  The direction doesn’t matter for speed, but path does. 9 m/s 12 m/s 3.

Velocity and Speed. Mechanics Branch of physics that studies motion Two parts Kinematics – describes motion Dynamics – tells why motion occurs.

Physics Unit 2 1-D and 2-D Motion Topics: 4 What is Linear Motion? 4 Vector vs. Scalar Quantities 4 Distance vs. Displacement (Comparison) 4 Speed vs.

Kinematics The study of motion of an object without regard to the causes of the motion. 1. Linear (only along a straight line along a single axis). 2.

Direction Makes a Difference Quantities that describe magnitude but DO NOT include direction are called scalar quantities or just scalars. (distance, speed,

Motion and Motion Graphs

Resolve the vector into x & y components 40.0 m/s at 45 o SoW.

Velocity.   Speed describes the rate of motion of an object. It is a scalar quantity (magnitude only)  Velocity describes the rate of motion AND the.

KINEMATICS The Study of How Objects Move. Displacement vs. Distance Consider a a turtle on a highway He starts at 2km.

READ PAGES Physics Homework. Terms used to describe Physical Quantities Scalar quantities are numbers without any direction Vector quantities that.

1.1Motion and Motion Graphs. Kinematics Terminology Scalar vs. Vector Scalar: quantities that have only a size, but no direction – ie: distance, speed.

Science Starter! Complete the FRONT PAGE (#s 1 – 9) of the worksheet “Motion Graphs” (on teacher’s desk).

Motion Quiz. 1. The slope of a position (distance) vs time graph equals what quantity of the motion?

Motion Notes. Key Terms 1)Motion: 2)Reference point: The state in which one object’s distance from another is changing. A place or object used for comparison.

Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension. Dynamics Dynamics: branch of physics describing the motion of an object and the relationship between that motion and.

Advanced Physics Chapter 2 Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension.

Physics Chapter 2 Notes. Chapter Mechanics  Study of the motion of objects Kinematics  Description of how objects move Dynamics  Force and why.

Motion in One Dimension - velocity. Motion – A change in position Motion.

Speed Velocity and Acceleration. What is the difference between speed and velocity? Speed is a measure of distance over time while velocity is a measure.

Insanely Super Important Kinematics Terms. Kinematics The study of the motion of objects- does not deal with the forces that caused the motion.

Describing Motion in One Dimension

ST.JOSEPH'S HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL

Velocity and Speed Graphically

Vectors Scalars and Vectors:

To introduce Kinematics

Graphical Analysis Of Motion

To introduce Kinematics

Non-Constant Velocity

Uniform Motion.

Vectors Scalars and Vectors:

Chapter 2 Objectives Describe motion in terms of changing velocity.

Chapter 2 Objectives Describe motion in terms of changing velocity.

Vectors Scalars and Vectors:

Speed Pages 220 – 223.

Graphing Motion Walk Around

Kinematics The study of motion of an object without regard to the causes of the motion. Linear (only along a straight line along a single axis). 2. Forces.

Motion in 1D, Vectors and Velocity

Acceleration A measure of how quickly the velocity of something is changing. It can be positive if the object is speeding up or negative if it is slowing.

Section 1 Displacement and Velocity

Motion in One Dimension

Unit 1 Our Dynamic Universe Vectors - Revision

Acceleration Lesson 1C Unit 1 Motion Conceptual Physics.

VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION NOTES

Speed Velocity Acceleration

Kinematics 1-D Motion.

Intro to Motion Standards 1.1, 1.2.

Motion in One Dimension

Motion in One Dimension

Presentation transcript:

Kinematics: Displacement and Velocity

Vectors and Scalars Most measurements that you use in everyday life are called scalar quantities, or scalars. These quantities have only a magnitude, or size. Mass, time, and energy are scalars. The distance an object travels and also the speed at which it travels are scalar quantities.

Vectors and Scalars In physics, however, you will usually describe motion in terms of vector quantities, or vectors. In addition to magnitude, vectors include direction. The position, displacement, velocity, and acceleration of an object are vector quantities

Scalar quantities Vector quantities Quantity Example Distance 15 km Displacement 15 km [45° N of E] Speed 30 m/s Velocity 30 m/s [S] Time interval 10 s Acceleration 9.81 m/s2 [down] Mass 6 kg Force 2400 N [30° above horizontal] Energy 3600 J

Displacement Displacement is the vector difference of the final position and the initial position of an object.

Velocity Velocity is the quotient of displacement and the time interval.

Kinematics: Graphical Analysis

Determining the slope of a linear graph Recall: Graph of Velocity versus Time velocity (m/s [East]) time (seconds)

Determining the area under the graph Recall: In this case, the shape of the shaded area between the line and the x-axis is a triangle. Graph of Velocity versus Time velocity (m/s [East]) time (seconds)

Determining the slope of a curved-line graph Determine the instantaneous velocity at 7.5 s. First, draw tangent line on graph at 7.5 s. Then, determine the slope of the tangent line. Graph of Position versus Time position (metres [North])

Determining average velocity on curved line position-time (d-t) graph Determine the average velocity between 7.0 and 14.0 h. First, draw straight line between 7.0 and 14.0 h. Then, determine the slope of the line.