Bell Work What does the word science mean to you? Be prepared to share.

What is SCIENCE? 22 May 2019

SCIENCE is a way of learning about the natural world.

Science is ___________ a big collection of facts, but a __________ of finding out things.

There are three branches of science.

Life Science Earth Science Physical Science Chemistry Physics any of the sciences that deal with the structure and behavior of living organisms Biology, Ecology, Medicine any of the sciences that deal with the earth or its parts Astronomy, Meteorology, Geology The study of the interactions of matter The study of matter & energy & their interactions

Scientists ask _________ about the natural world Scientists ask _________ about the natural world. There are some questions about art, politics, __________, preferences, or can’t be answered by science.

Scientific Laws and Scientific Theories

A rule that describes a pattern in nature is a scientific __________. A scientific law is A rule that describes a pattern in nature is a scientific __________. It is generally accepted to be ________ and ___________ This is a statement based on facts meant to explain, in concise terms, an action or set of actions. It is generally accepted to be true and universal. Some scientific laws, or laws of nature, include the law of gravity, Newton's laws of motion, and the law of conservation of mass and energy.

Examples of Scientific Laws include: Law of gravity Newton's laws of motion Law of conservation of mass and energy

A scientific theory is A scientific ___________ is an attempted explanation for repeatedly observed patterns in the natural world. Scientific theories are _______________________ and are ________________________. A theory is an explanation based upon of a set of related observations or events proven hypotheses and verified multiple times by detached groups of researchers. One scientist cannot create a theory; he can only create a hypothesis.

Scientific Law vs. Scientific Theory

The Scientific Method

What is the scientific method? The scientific ___________ is a set of steps scientists use to solve _______________. Scientists make conclusions based on ____________________.

Science and Technology The application of science is called ____________________ A _______________________ is one type of scientific investigation that explores one factor at a time. Factors that can be changed in an experiment are ______________

What is a hypothesis?

It’s the ___________ gathered in an experiment. What is data? It’s the ___________ gathered in an experiment.

the problem or topic you want to investigate. Identify the Problem the problem or topic you want to investigate.

Prediction or answer to your question. Form a Hypothesis Prediction or answer to your question.

Steps we take to perform a reliable experiment. Develop a Procedure Steps we take to perform a reliable experiment.

Record data and observations in tables! Collect Your Data Record data and observations in tables!

Review your data and graph any results. Analyze the Data Review your data and graph any results.

Communicate the Results Summarizes the important parts of your experiment and the results.

Repeating the experiment in order to report accurate exact values. Repeat your Work Repeating the experiment in order to report accurate exact values.

Steps of the Scientific Method

Two Types of Research: DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH Based mainly on Observations (using the five senses) EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH Experimental research includes investigations that: Have variables Test hypotheses May have a control or control group Is a set of planned steps Tests one variable at a time

Vocabulary 15. Science 16. Descriptive research 17 Vocabulary   15. Science 16. Descriptive research 17. experimental research 18. scientific laws 19. scientific theories 20. technology 21. physical science 22. scientific method 23. hypothesis 24. data

What is a Variable? A variable is an object, event, idea, feeling, time period, or any other type of category you are trying to measure. There are two types of variables-independent and dependent.

What is an Independent Variable? It is a variable that stands alone and isn't changed by the other variables you are trying to measure. For example, someone's age might be an independent variable. Other factors (such as what they eat, how much they go to school, how much television they watch) aren't going to change a person's age.

What is a Dependent Variable? It is something that depends on other factors. For example, a test score could be a dependent variable because it could change depending on several factors such as how much you studied, how much sleep you got the night before you took the test, or even how hungry you were when you took it.

There are 3 types of relationships.

Direct relationship In a direct relationship, as one variable _________________, the other variable also ___________.

Indirect relationship In an indirect relationship, as one variable _________, the other variable _____________.

No relationship In this relationship, as one variable _________________, the other variable ___________ in no pattern.

THREE TYPES OF GRAPHS

Pie chart/graph used to show parts of a whole.

Bar graph a type of graph in which the length of the bars are used to represent and compare data.

Line graph shows relationships between the independent and dependent variables. Shows changes over time.

Identifying Variables

Three Types of Variables Independent (Manipulated)- What we change. Dependent (Responding) – What changes in response to the independent variable. Constant- What stays the same.

If we change independent variable, then dependent variable will increase/ decrease/not change because… DRY MIX Dependent (y-axis) Independent (x-axis)

For Example: Students of different ages were given the same jigsaw puzzle to put together. They were timed to see how long it took to finish the puzzle. Identify the variables in this investigation. Independent Variable :: Dependent Variable :: Constant Variable ::

Another Example An investigation was done with an electromagnetic system made from a battery and wire wrapped around a nail. Different sizes of nails were used. The number of paper clips the electromagnet could pick up was measured. Identify the variables in this investigation. Independent Variable :: Dependent Variable :: Constant Variable ::

Example #3 The higher the temperature of water, the faster an egg will boil. Identify the variables in this investigation. Independent Variable :: Dependent Variable :: Constant Variable ::

Example #4 The temperature of water was measured at different depths of a pond. Identify the variables in this investigation. Independent Variable :: Dependent Variable :: Constant Variable ::