Main Concepts Cell Cycle 1. The cell cycle is: the life of a cell, from when it starts as a single cell until it divides into two. 2. Three main parts of the cell cycle A. Interphase B. Mitosis C. Cytokinesis 3. Parts of mitosis A. Prophase B. Metaphase C. Anaphase D. Telophase

Prophase Prophase – DNA condenses into chromosomes Nuclear envelope lyses Centrioles build spindle fibers Prophase

Metaphase Prophase Metaphase – Chromosomes align in Middle Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers. Metaphase Prophase Prophase – DNA condenses into chromosomes Nuclear envelope lyses Centrioles build spindle fibers

Anaphase Metaphase Prophase Anaphase – Chromosomes are pulled Apart Centrioles pull chromatids to either side of the cells Anaphase Metaphase Prophase Metaphase – Chromosomes align in Middle Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers. Prophase – DNA condenses into chromosomes Nuclear envelope lyses Centrioles build spindle fibers

Telophase Anaphase Metaphase Prophase Telophase – (telo means end in Latin) Cell begins to pinch into Two Nuclear envelope begins to reform around chromatids Telophase Anaphase – Chromosomes are pulled Apart Centrioles pull chromatids to either side of the cells Anaphase Metaphase Metaphase – Chromosomes align in Middle Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers. Prophase Prophase – DNA condenses into chromosomes Nuclear envelope lyses Centrioles build spindle fibers

Telophase Anaphase Mitosis Metaphase Prophase Cytokinesis Cytokinesis – (means cells move) Cytoplasm breaks into two; Cells continue with cell cycle Cytokinesis Telophase – (telo means “end” in Latin) Cell begins to pinch into Two Nuclear envelope begins to reform around chromatids Telophase Anaphase – Chromosomes are pulled Apart Centrioles pull chromatids to either side of the cells Anaphase Mitosis Metaphase Metaphase – Chromosomes align in Middle Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers. Prophase Prophase – DNA condenses into chromosomes Nuclear envelope lyses Centrioles build spindle fibers

Interphase Telophase Anaphase Mitosis Metaphase Prophase Cytokinesis Cytoplasm breaks into two; Cells continue with cell cycle Telophase – (telo means “end” in Latin) Cell begins to pinch into Two Nuclear envelope begins to reform around chromatids Cytokinesis Telophase Interphase Anaphase – Chromosomes are pulled Apart Centrioles pull chromatids to either side of the cells Anaphase Mitosis Metaphase Metaphase – Chromosomes align in Middle Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers. Prophase Prophase – DNA condenses into chromosomes Nuclear envelope lyses Centrioles build spindle fibers

Interphase G1 Telophase Anaphase Mitosis S-phase Metaphase Prophase G2 G One Cytokinesis – Cytoplasm breaks into two; Cells continue with cell cycle G1 (growth or gap) Telophase – (telo means “end” in Latin) Cell begins to pinch into Two Nuclear envelope begins to reform around chromatids Cytokinesis Telophase Interphase Anaphase – Chromosomes are pulled Apart Centrioles pull chromatids to either side of the cells Anaphase Mitosis S-phase (synthesis) Metaphase Metaphase – Chromosomes align in Middle Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers. Prophase G2 (growth or gap) Prophase – DNA condenses into chromosomes Nuclear envelope lyses Centrioles build spindle fibers

In preparation for mitosis in microscopes! Interphase Prophase I Metaphase Anaphase T Telophase Cytokinesis A C P M

What it’s going to seem…

Let’s just try… Click for better on-line image! What looks different between the many cells?

Real onion cell drawing Mitosis in the onion! Phase Drawing Real onion cell drawing What’s happening? (Full sentences!) Interphase During interphase, the cell is doing things like growing, synthesizing enzymes or other proteins, breaking down food or lysing intruder cells, like an invader bacteria! It could also be making another copy of its DNA. G1, S and G2