Cell Cycle and Mitosis Notes Biology - Ms. Spinale

The Cell Cycle

The Cell Cycle Interphase is the longest phase; chromosomes duplicate (DNA replicates) and the cell grows. G1 Phase: Cell grows a bit larger. S Phase: DNA replicates. G2: Phase: Another growth phase just before mitosis.

There are four stages in the Mitotic phase (or M phase). The Cell Cycle There are four stages in the Mitotic phase (or M phase). Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase. Genetic material is distributed to new cells.

The M phase allows for growth and repair through cell division. The Cell Cycle The M phase allows for growth and repair through cell division.

Prophase Duplicated chromosomes are joined at centromeres. Phases of Mitosis Prophase Duplicated chromosomes are joined at centromeres. The nuclear envelope breaks down.

Metaphase Double chromosomes line up along the middle. Phases of Mitosis Metaphase Double chromosomes line up along the middle. Fibers attach to chromosomes from centromere to centriole.

Phases of Mitosis

Phases of Mitosis Anaphase Doubled chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell (fibers pull toward centriole).

Telophase Chromosomes cluster at each end. New nuclear envelope forms. Phases of Mitosis Telophase Chromosomes cluster at each end. New nuclear envelope forms. Cytoplasm divides.

Mitosis vs. Meiosis Mitosis Meiosis Starts with diploid cells (23 pairs of chromosomes). Divides once. Produces new diploids cells for growth and repair. Divides twice, Produces haploid cells (23 single chromosomes). Gametes (sperm and egg).