The Consequences of the Great Terror Learning Objective: To analyse the impact of the Great Terror on Russia

Consequences of the Terror (20 mins) Using pp. 78-81 create a spider gram with three main headings: Social Impact Economic Impact Political Impact https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIzApqzlP3Q Stalin Inside the Terror (Show from 57mins – ½ hr clip)

During 1937-8 it is estimated that 10% of adult males were sent to labour camps. Specific groups targeted were…. The women most affected by the terror were…. The national groups most affected were,… Wives of party officials were… Children of party officials were affected because…. Existing managers of factories were affected because…. When elections took place in local Communist Party organisations, junior members acted like the NKVD… Some groups of people completely reinvented themselves. For example… There 3 ways of doing this: The purges had a terrible effect on the planning of the economy because… The Donbas region is a good example of the effect of the purges on the Russian economy… Alec Nove argues that… The Purges allowed Stalin to finally remove his greatest rivals from the party Stalin emerged from the terror stronger than ever before - it had removed threats from within the military, economic and political leadership of Russia The terror provided scapegoats for Russia’s failure to meet the targets of the five year plans Estimates for the number of executions range from 500,000 to 1,500,000. In additions, 2,000,000 people died working in labour camps (gulags) Page 78 – 81 Bunce. Complete sentences then colour code social, economic , political impact

What were the Consequences of the Terror? Social Consequences Political Consequences Economic Consequences

Social impact Scale of suffering: 1935-36 (Yagoda), ½ million people convicted – 2,300 shot, 405,0000 labour camps, or ‘disappeared’ Certain social groups: urban & educated, aged 30-45, managers & professionals Ethnic groups: Poles, Romanians & Latvians esp. targeted Children: expelled from uni or publicly humiliated by teachers & Komsomol

Social impact Factory managers ‘purged’: Yaroslavl trials, workers from rubber factory staged show trials of managers & handed them over to NKVD Purge of party membership: 1937, massive purges of Party leadership Emergence of ‘former people’: priests, NEPmen, Kulaks etc. invented new identities, e.g. Valdimir Gromov

Economic impact Problems with statistics: targets & plans distorted due to exaggerated statistics Lack of leadership: many members of Gosplan & factory managers ‘purged’ Case study: Donbas region – coal production fell during Great Terror

Political impact Consolidated Stalin’s position: removal of opponents & Trotskyites Deflected criticism from Stalin: diverted public attention from shortages & enabled people to settle personal scores or blame scapegoats, e.g. Kazan party officials Estimated death toll of Great Terror (1937-8): 500,000 – 1,500,0000 Numbers sent to gulags: 2,0000,000

What was the most significant impact of the Great Terror? Complete p82 task Level of impact Number of people affected

How far do you agree that Stalin’s paranoia was the main cause of the Great Terror? Write your own introduction, opening paragraph and conclusion to this question. Now write an introduction and a conclusion to the following question. How far do you agree that the main consequence of the Great Terror was Stalin’s removal of rivals? Model intros and conclusion for this question – Bunce p93 and 95

How far do you agree that Stalin’s paranoia was the main cause of the Great Terror? Complete Spot the Mistake activity – P94 Bunce Write your own introduction to this question. Now write an introduction and a conclusion to the following question. How far do you agree that the main consequence of the Great Terror was Stalin’s removal of rivals? Model intros and conclusion for this question – Bunce p93 and 95

Write an essay plan, intro and conclusion to the following question: How far do you agree that the main consequence of the Great Terror was Stalin’s removal of rivals?

How far do you agree that the most important result of the repression of 1934–38 was the strengthening of Stalin’s political dominance? 30 marks