A simple matter of concentration

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Presentation transcript:

A simple matter of concentration Molarity A simple matter of concentration

Molar Conversions…so far So far, we have seen that we can use molar masses to convert between ______________ and Avogadro's number to convert between ____________________.

Molar Conversions We also have been working on stoichiometry problems where we are describing and using _______ reagents which we can measure out a mass of in ___________.

Stoichiometry…so far Using stoich, we know that we can convert from grams of any reactant or product into grams of any other reactant or product using the ______ _________ from a balanced chemical equation. - But we had to be in ________ first!

Molarity: A New Stoich Conversion But what if you are using a reagent that isn’t a solid you can mass out back in lab? What if you are working with a _______________? Since stoichiometry requires that we get to the units of ___________, we need to be able to figure out how many moles of dissolved substance is in a _____________. Described as a solution’s ____________ or _______.

Solutions Refresher Solutions are homogenous mixtures (look uniform) of a __________ and ____________. Solute: Solvent:

Types of Solutions Solute/Solvent solution mixtures can be formed by combining ____________________ Gas/Gas: Gas/Liquid: Liquid/Liquid: Solid/Liquid: Solid/Solid: For the purposes of this unit, we will mostly focus on _____________ solutions (salt/water)

Molarity Molarity is a measure of the concentration of ________ in a total volume of _________. ***Note that we are describing the volume of the entire solution, not of solvent!*** Specifically, molarity describes the ______ of solute per _______ of solution. Units =

Molarity: Moles per Liter of Solution So, what we are really measuring when we describe a solution’s concentration is the ____________ of molecules present, not the mass of molecules present. Example: If our room represents a solution with 2700 lbs of people (or 25 people) in it… and we have the half mass leave… versus having half of the people leave…

Molarity and Moles Molarity is a measure of the moles of solute per liter of solution. Units = mol/L or M So, if molarity has a mol/L _______ for units it probably isn’t surprising we will use it as a ___________________...later. For now, let’s practice calculating molarity values.

Calculating Molarity Example: A 500. mL solution containing 3.44 grams of KNO3 would have a molarity of 0.0680M. *Notice that 2 common lab units, grams and millileters, must be converted to moles and liters!!*

Try It! Determine the molarity of a 1200 mL solution that has 13.0 grams of aluminum chloride dissolved in it.

Tricks for Calculating Molarity 1) Make sure you are in ________ and ________ before attempting calculations. Perform any necessary conversions prior to calculating molarity mL -> L grams -> mol 2) Use the _______________ Cover up the value you are solving for. (n = mol)

Try It! Complete questions 1-10 on the Molarity Introduction handout. Check your answers with your neighbor. Go rock them and let me know if you have any questions!