The Mole Molar Conversions

A. What is the Mole? A counting unit Similar to a dozen, except instead of 12, it’s 602 billion trillion 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 6.02 X 1023 (in scientific notation) This number is named in honor of Amedeo Avogadro (1776 – 1856),

A. What is the Mole? HOW LARGE IS IT??? 1 mole of hockey pucks would equal the mass of the moon! 1 mole of basketballs would fill a bag the size of the earth! 1 mole of pennies would cover the Earth 1/4 mile deep!

How does a Mole relate? 1 Mole of anything has 6.02 x 1023 particles If I had 1 mol of cookies, how many cookies would I have? If I had 1 mol of cars, how many cars would I have? If I had 1 mol of Aluminum, how many atoms I have? Note that the NUMBER is always the same, but the MASS is very different!

The “Units” of Moles 1 mole of Carbon = 6.02 x 1023 atoms (Individual elements are measured in atoms) 1 mole of H2O= 6.02 x 1023 molecules (Covalent compounds are measured in molecules) 1 mole of NaCl = 6.02 x 1023 “formula units” (Ionic compounds are measured in ions) 6.02 x 1023 Na+ ions and 6.02 x 1023 Cl– ions

Learning Check 1. Number of atoms in 0.500 mole of Al a) 500 Al atoms b) 6.02 x 1023 Al atoms c) 3.01 x 1023 Al atoms 2.Number of moles of S in 1.8 x 1024 S atoms a) 1.0 mole S atoms b) 3.0 mole S atoms c) 1.1 x 1048 mole S atoms

Molar Mass Describes the mass (how heavy) 1 mole of an element or compound is. Atomic mass tells the: Atomic Mass Units (AMU) Used to determine the mass of a single element. Grams per mole (g/mol) used to describe the mass of one mole of a chemical compound. Typically rounded to 2 decimal places

Learning Check! Find the molar mass – Round to two decimal places. It is important for significant digits! = 79.90 g/mol 1 mole of Br atoms 1 mole of Sn atoms = 118.71 g/mol

Molar Mass Examples for molecules and compounds: Water sodium chloride H2O 2(1.01) + 16.00 = 18.02 g/mol NaCl 22.99 + 35.45 = 58.44 g/mol

Learning Check! A. Molar Mass of K2O = ? g/mol B. Molar Mass for Al(OH)3 = ?

Molar Conversions (Road Map) molar mass 6.02  1023 Gram Gardens Mole Island Particle Palace (g/mol) (particles/mol)

Grams to Moles How many moles of carbon are in 26 g of carbon? 26 g C 1 mol C 12.01 g C = 2.2 mol C

Grams to Moles How many moles of oxygen are in 85 g of Oxygen? 85 g O 1 mol O 16.00 g O = 5.3 mol O

Moles to Grams How many grams of oxygen are in 0.25 moles of oxygen? 0.25 mol O 16.00 g O 1 mol O = 4.0 grams O

Moles to Grams How many grams of carbon are in 3.45 moles of carbon? 3.45 mol C 12.01 g C 1 mol C = 41.4 grams C

Moles to Particles How many molecules are in 2.50 moles of C12H22O11? 6.02  1023 molecules 1 mol 2.50 mol = 1.51  1024 molecules C12H22O11

Particles to Moles How many moles are in 1.505 x 1023 molecules of HCl? 1.505 1023 molecules 1 mol = 0.2500 Moles HCl 6.02  1023 molecules