The Powers of Congress
Sovereign Powers Congress can provide for the “common defense and general welfare of the United States.” Can create an armed force Only Congress can declare war
Financial Powers Congress has the power to raise taxes Duties=taxes on imports Excises=taxes on gasoline, alcohol, tobacco Congress has the power to spend money Accepts or rejects the President’s budget
Regulating and Promoting Trade Congress has the power, according to the Constitution, to regulate commerce Coin money, establish value of money Sets standards of weights and measurement Establish post offices Issue copyrights and patents
Copyrights and Patents Copyrights=exclusive right to publish or sell a book, film, song, or video Patent=exclusive right to produce or sell an invention
Power over the Courts Congress can set up federal courts Sets number of justices in courts link
Implied Powers Elastic Clause=gives Congress the right to pass any laws that are necessary and proper to carry out its functions Article 1 Section 8 link
Legislative Veto Congress can review or cancel any action taken by the President
Other Functions of Congress Impeach the President Approve the President’s cabinet, ambassadors, Supreme Court Justices Admit new states Propose new amendments
Qualifications to Be a Member of Congress Constitutional Requirements: Senator=30 years old, citizen for 9 years Representative=25 years old, citizen for 7 years Both must live in the state they are representing Link to Profile of 112th Congress
Qualifications of Be a Member of Congress Members of Congress are usually re-elected Incumbent=those already in office Why are members usually re-elected? Gain a name Cut redtape for constituents link Use office to help people
Congressional Salaries and Privileges $174,000 link Free phone calls Franking privilege=free postal service Travel allowance
Congressional Salaries and Privileges Freedom from Arrest Exempt from traffic violations, civil suits Can be arrested for criminal charges Freedom of Expression Cannot be accused of slander for speeches on the floor of Congress
Punishments Censure=officially declaring disapproval