Sliding Filament Theory

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Presentation transcript:

Sliding Filament Theory Picture/ Description step by step

Sarcomere= Where the contraction occurs I-band= space on sarcomere where only actin lie A-band= space on sarcomere where myosin lie H-zone= space between actin filaments (middle of sarcomere) Actin= thin proteins Myosin= thick proteins

Closer Look at Actin and Myosin Calcium (released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum) binds to troponin. This change the shape of troponin and shifts tropomyosin out of the way, exposing myosin-head binding sites.

At Rest When at rest and the calcium has exposed the binding sites, the myosin head will attach to the actin binding sites Attached to each actin is an ADP + Pi

Stimulation + Contraction In order for the “power stroke” to occur (pulling actin inwards), ADP + Pi are released as energy. This causes the myosin head to shift. Another ATP molecule attaches to the head in order for it to release from the binding site. Acting as an enzyme, myosin breaks down ATP into ADP + Pi for more useable energy to bind and shift again

Contraction  Relaxation The previous steps will repeat to complete a full contraction or until calcium is depleted/ “called back” to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Once calcium is removed or levels become too low, troponin and tropomyosin go back to their original shapes + positions and myosin cannot bind to actin (no movement can occur)

ALL TOGETHER! Brain releases a nerve impulse to initiate movement Neuro-cell body sends message nerve message (action potential) down the axon of the nerve Action potential reaches axon terminal at the neuromuscular junction Axon terminal releases acetylcholine (ACh) ACh crosses the synaptic cleft to bind to receptors on the sarcolemma Sodium (Na+) floods the T-tubules and the sarcolemma becomes depolarized The action potential is transported to the interior of the muscle via the T-tubules The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium ions Calcium binds to troponin Tropomyosin slides revealing myosin binding sites on Actin Myosin (already containing ADP, Pi and energy) attaches to Actin Energy is released from myosin and power stroke occurs (causing Actin to slide over myosin) ATP attaches to the head of myosin ATP splits into ADP, Pi and energy Steps 11-14 repeat until contraction is completed or until calcium levels deplete Calcium is removed and muscle returns to rest