Chapter 19, part A The Kidneys.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 19, part A The Kidneys

About this Chapter Anatomy of the excretory system How the kidney is organized How the nephron works to filter blood, recycle, secrete, and excrete How filtration is regulated Urination reflex

Kidney Functions: Overview Homeostatic regulation: ECF volume, osmolarity, ion & pH balance Excretion: Metabolic wastes & foreign molecules Regulating hormones & enzymes

Kidney Functions: Overview Figure 19-3: The excretion of a substance depends on the amount that was filtered, reabsorbed, and secreted

Excretory System: Anatomy Review Kidney Cortex Medulla Pelvis Nephrons Ureter Bladder Urethra Figure 19-1: Anatomy Summary: The Urinary System

Nephron Functions: Overview Filtration, reabsorption, secretion & excretion PLAY Animation: Urinary System: Glomerular Filtration

Nephron Functions: Overview Figure 19-2: Filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion

Glomerulus & Bowman's Capsule: Blood Filtration Capillaries Podocytes Mesanglial cells Bulk flow Solutes Water (Few proteins) (Not cells)

Glomerulus & Bowman's Capsule: Blood Filtration Figure 19-4: Structure of the renal corpuscle

Glomerular Flow Rate (GFR) Capillary Hydrostatic pressure Colloidal Capsule pressure Back pressure Net Filtration p GFR  180L/day (about 1% is excreted) Figure 19-6: Filtration pressure in the renal corpuscle

Glomerular Flow Rate (GFR) Figure 19-5: The filtration fraction

Regulation of GFR Autoregulation Myogenic stretch Tubuloglomerular feedback Macula densa J G cells ANS-Sympathetic Arteriole vasoconstriction Hormones/paracrines Angiotensin II Prostaglandins

Figure 19-9: The juxtaglomerular apparatus Regulation of GFR Figure 19-9: The juxtaglomerular apparatus

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