59. What is homeostasis? Maintaining constant and stable internal conditions despite changes in the outside environment. Works like a thermostat controlling room temperature

60. How does a nerve impulse travel through the nervous system (describe an electrochemical impulse) Part electrical and part chemical transmission of signal.

61. What is a synapse and how does the impulse travel across the synapse? Synapse- gap between two neurons. Signal is carried by chemicals (neurotransmitters) across the gap

62. What is a reflex arc? Reflex arc- when nerve impulse does not travel all the way to the brain first to respond to stimuli. Can react faster

63. When you experience the “fight or flight” response, your adrenal glands secrete the hormone adrenaline. What is the result of this? You can react faster. Increased heart and breathing rate. Heightened senses

64. What is a hormone? A chemical signal that is produced by endocrine glands. Include testosterone, adrenaline, growth hormone, etc.

66. How does the HIV virus reduce you ability to fight off infections? The HIV virus attacks your body’s immune system. You are not able to fight off pathogens

HIV targets the immune system HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Retrovirus (contains RNA) that attacks and weakens the immune system

Leads to “opportunistic” infections HIV is transmitted by exchange of blood or other body fluids  

HIV reproduces in T-cells (cells that trigger immune responses) HIV leads to AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)