The Communication Process

Basic Components Sender Receiver Message

Definitions Sender: One who uses verbal and nonverbal means to initiate communication Receiver: The target of the sender’s communication. A listener, observer, or both. Message: The verbal or nonverbal expression of a sender’s purpose.

What’s wrong with this model? Sender Receiver Message

A More Complete Picture Message Receiver/ Sender Sender/ Receiver Feedback

Feedback Response of the receiver to the sender’s message, which tells the sender how the message was received.

More to the Process Message Receiver/ Sender Sender/ Receiver Feedback

E=Encoding D=Decoding Encoding is the sender’s selection of the means of expression Decoding is how the receiver gives meaning to a message through their own perception

= Interference Message Receiver/ Sender Sender/ Receiver Feedback

Interference Anything that disrupts or prevents a receiver’s interpretation of a sender’s message as the sender intended it. External: Outside of our bodies Internal: Inside of our bodies

CONTEXT Message Receiver/ Sender Sender/ Receiver Feedback

Context The physical, social, psychological and time elements in which the communication takes place