Global Warming 13.3

Greenhouse Effect The earth is like a greenhouse. The atmosphere acts like glass in a greenhouse. Heat comes in through the atmosphere. Some escapes into space while the rest is trapped in the troposphere and warms the air.

GREENHOUSE EFFECT 2. It can be reflected back into space REJECTED Atmosphere (not to scale) 3. It can be trapped by the atmosphere Sun http://images.wikia.com/orna/images/f/f0/Sun.gif Earth expertly drawn by yours truly 1. It can get absorbed 3

Another example they have all experienced – source listed on the picture 5

3. Greenhouse gases are: water vapor carbon dioxide CFC’s methane nitrous oxide

GREENHOUSE GASES: Gases in the atmosphere that trap heat Earth would freeze without them

GREENHOUSE EFFECT The overall warming effect caused by the greenhouse gases trapping heat Atmosphere (not to scale)

4. Global Warming: More greenhouse gases cause higher temperatures

GLOBAL WARMING – The Debate FACT – Between 1958 – 2000, CO2 levels have increased 17%. I do a class debate about global warming for my classes, that is why I present this as fact / theory. At the end of the debate I share my views about global warming being at least partially anthropogenic Thermometer – source unknown 10

Graph source, unknown 11

GLOBAL WARMING – The Debate FACT – Between 1958 – 2000, CO2 levels increased 17%. THEORY – More CO2 traps more heat and causes higher temperatures worldwide

Consequences of a Warmer Earth Costal aquifers become salty Increased salinity of bays and estuaries - Affects fisheries Melting ice and rising sea levels Erodes beaches Decrease the ice and snow at the poles Increased Sea Levels Flooding in costal areas

2. Global Weather Patterns More hurricanes and typhoons May change current patterns Gulf Stream may change Changes amount of rain Increase ocean surface temperatures which leads to:

3. Human Health Problems Causes an increase in heat related deaths Increased heat exhaustion

Swollen passageway to lungs Normal passageway to lungs 3. Human Health Problems Causes an increase in heat related deaths Increased heat exhaustion More respiratory problems (caused by ground level ozone) Swollen passageway to lungs Normal passageway to lungs

3. Human Health Problems Causes an increase in heat related deaths Increased heat exhaustion More respiratory problems (caused by ground level ozone) Diseases spread by insects Malaria

3. Human Health Problems Causes an increase in heat related deaths Increased heat exhaustion More respiratory problems (caused by ground level ozone) Diseases spread by insects Malaria Encephalitis

4. Agriculture Droughts become more frequent Decreases crop yields Increase demand for irrigation which depletes aquifers

5. Effects on Plants and Animals Could alter range of plant species Could shift the geographical range of animals; birds Reduces amount of zooplankton Kills algae in tropical waters which effects coral reefs

Read about the Kyoto Protocol Summarize the important information When? Where? Who? What? How?

Global Warming Review What happens to the UV light that is trapped in the troposphere? Name the greenhouse gas(es) that produced by: a. evaporation; b. burning of fossil fuels; c. aerosols; d. activity of bacteria in soil; e. sewage; f. animal waste; g. refrigerant Which gas has increased the most in our atmosphere? What is the probable cause of its increase? What is global warming? List 8 consequences of global warming. Be specific. What is the Kyoto Protocol?

Consequences of a Warmer Earth Melting ice & rising sea levels Global weather patterns: heat, hurricanes, typhoons, rainfall levels affected Human health problems: heat exhaustion in young & elderly b) increase in respiratory illnesses increase in insectborne diseases damage to agriculture e) Effects on plants & animals

Consequences Rising temperatures Species extinction caused by the inability to adapt Sea levels rising Severe weather conditions Image sources: unknown 26

There is strong evidence that the Earth is heating up. 27

The debate is about we who should blame