One Year of Debating Germany’s Future

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Presentation transcript:

One Year of Debating Germany’s Future A FLAWED PEACE One Year of Debating Germany’s Future

Wilson’s “ Fourteen Points” for Peace (1-5) End of secret treaties Freedom of the seas Free trade Reduced national armies & navies Fairness toward colonized people

Wilson’s Points (6-13) Changing borders Creating new nations Structured around self-determination Allowing people to decide government for themselves

U. S. did not join / Germany & Russia not allowed League of Nations (14) A general association of nations Help for great and small nations Negotiate peaceful solution to conflict Avoid world war U. S. did not join / Germany & Russia not allowed

Council of Four Woodrow Wilson – U. S. (leniency) Georges Clemenceau – France (punishment) David George – Great Britain Italy – Vittorio Orlando Russia – involved in civil war (not there) Germany and their allies were not invited

The Treaty of Versailles Alsace-Lorraine returned to France Germany surrenders African & Pacific colonies Limits size of army / forbids import of weapons, submarines & air force

The Treaty of Versailles War Guilt: Germany takes sole responsibility for the war Forced to pay $30 billion over 30 years

Creation of New Nations Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire lost huge amounts of land in separate treaties Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia became independent Brits got Palestine, Iraq & Transjordan France got Syria and Lebanon