Working Group on regional, urban and rural development statistics Item 9.1 Maritime policy indicators Valeriya Angelova-Tosheva Eurostat, Unit E.4 WORKING GROUP ON REGIONAL, URBAN AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT STATISTICS Luxembourg, 20/10/2015

Regional Statistics Illustrated A demo version of the new maritime statistics vislet Will be officially released in November Includes all available relevant indicators by coastal/non-coastal regions http://e4rsi.eu/explorer/publisher/test-maritime.html

The maritime economy from geographical and sectoral perspective - latest results Different ways of discovering the maritime economy: Total employment, economy and GDP in the coastal (maritime) regions Typically maritime sectors at national level A hybrid approach The maritime economy covers all marketable activities linked to the sea. The link between activities and the sea may be explained by the use of marine resources, maritime areas or regions or by the vicinity of these spatial units. The relationship between the activities and the sea can be more or less direct and maritime sectors cannot be seen as a single sector activity within the NACE classification but rather as a set of activities. Many activities are indirectly linked to it without even being located next to coast line.

GDP disparities between coastal and non-coastal regions, 2012 Coastal regions often generate higher GDP per inhabitant than non-coastal regions (in 13 out of the 20 EU Member States concerned). In Ireland, Belgium and Finland coastal regions generate more than 10 000 Euros GDP per inhabitant compared to the non-coastal regions. When looking at the distribution of the GDP per inhabitant at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions in 2012 as a relative share of the EU-28 average the picture changes. It varies across a very wide range: from 10 % of the EU 28 average in two NUTS 3 regions of Bulgaria (Vidin and Silistra) to over 700 % of the EU28 average in the best performing region of Inner London. Almost all Eastern European regions fall into the same group of NUTS 3 regions, with GDP per inhabitant less than 50 % of the EU 28 average. A geographical pattern linked to coastal regions can be seen just for certain southern Greek islands and semi-island coastal regions. The conclusion is that when comparing regional GDP with the EU-28 average, the results show variations between Member States as well as east-west and south-north splits, and a link to the sea is rarely to be found.

Coastal tourism (based on LAU-2 aggregates) Share of nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments in coastal areas, 2013 Coastal tourism makes up a large share of total tourism in the EU, with approximately 45 % of all nights spent by tourists on EU territory in 2012. Besides the two EU Member States that are entirely made up of coastal areas (Cyprus and Malta), the shares of nights spent in coastal areas were particularly high in Croatia (94.6 %), Denmark (90.9 %), Portugal (86.7 %), Latvia (83.7 %), Spain (79.7 %), Estonia (78.7 %) and Bulgaria (68.0 %). The lowest shares were found in Belgium (21.0 %), Slovenia (20.9 %), Romania (17.9 %) and Germany (17.5 %). In 2013, a majority of bed-places in Croatia, Portugal, Spain and Bulgaria were found in coastal areas. Two northern countries – Denmark and Ireland and three EU Member States bordering the Baltic sea — Latvia, Estonia and Sweden — also offered most of their bed-places in coastal areas, proving that maritime tourism does not have to take place around the Mediterranean exclusively. However the effect of the inclusion of the capital cities Copenhagen, Riga and Tallinn within the coastal areas must be taken into account.

Maritime transport Maritime transport of goods, by direction, 2013 (1 000 tonnes) With 548.4 million tonnes, the Netherlands held the highest share (14.8 %) of goods handled in EU ports, followed by the United Kingdom (13.5 %), Italy (12.3 %) and Spain (10.9 %).

Maritime transport of passengers, by direction, 2013 (1 000 persons) In 2013, around 400 million passengers passed through EU ports, split almost evenly between embarking and disembarking persons. Italy was the leading country with 18.3 % of all passengers at EU ports, followed closely by Greece at 18.2 %. Danish ports came in third in terms of passenger transport, with 10.2 % of all passengers at EU ports. Between 2007 and 2012 the number of maritime transport passengers at EU ports decreased steadily with41 million, although it recovered slightly in 2013. The opening and progressive use of new and faster alternative routes such as the ‘Charilaos Trikoupis’ bridge in Greece (linking the Greek mainland with the Peloponnese) or the ‘Great Belt’ bridges in Denmark and the rapid expansion of low-cost airlines should be taken into account in the analysis of these figures.

Maritime manufacturing Value added of the maritime manufacturing sector by main NACE (EUR million)by country, 2012 (¹)(²) In most EU Member States, building ships and floating structures was the largest activity among the maritime manufacturing sectors in terms of value added. In 2012, more than two thirds of the value added generated by the EU maritime manufacturing sectors came from five EU Member States: the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy and Spain.

Number of enterprises in the maritime manufacturing sector by main NACE Rev. 2 activities, 2012 Although most value added in the maritime manufacturing sector stemmed from the production of ships and floating structures, most enterprises in the EU maritime manufacturing sector in 2012 were actually specialised in repairing ships and boats.

Fisheries, aquaculture and fish processing Value added of processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and molluscs, 2012 (EUR million) In 2012, around half of EU value added for processing and preserving of fish, crustaceans and molluscs was provided by enterprises based in the United Kingdom, Spain, and France. Norway recorded a value higher than any of the EU Member States.

Catches in volume, EU-28, 2004–13 (1 000 tonnes) In order to be able to operate, fish processing enterprises rely on two main sources of raw material. These are provided by catches and aquaculture. Catches in the EU-28 have generally decreased, especially up to 2007. From 2004 to 2007, total fishery catches went down by approximately 14 %. The situation then stabilised. However, 2012 stood out, as the year with the lowest tonnage caught. The general trend is those of decrease.

Aquaculture production in marine areas, 2012 (1 000 tonnes live weight) In 2012, EU aquaculture produced in a marine water environment accounted for over 800 thousand tonnes. The largest part of this production came from Spain (29.5 %) followed by the United Kingdom (22.7 %), France (19.1 %) and Greece (12.6 %). The aquaculture of an EFTA country — Norway - was far larger than the combined aquaculture of the EU.

Other maritime activities directly related to the coast and the sea Production in main primary maritime sectors NACE Rev. 2 activities (mining and quarrying), EU-28, 2005–14 Production in the maritime sectors has tended to decline over the 2005–14 period. From 2005 to 2010 the 'extraction of natural gas' and the 'extraction of salt' experienced just fluctuations. In the second half of the period, production was on the decline for most activities except ‘extraction of salt’. One activity stands out as having experienced a consistent decline from 2005 to 2014: ‘extraction of crude petroleum’ dropped by 52.8 % in ten years. This is the only maritime industry not to have registered any increase in production in this period. However, the nature of petroleum is that of a non-renewable source of energy.

Thank you for your attention! More information on maritime statistics http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/maritime-policy-indicators/overview Questions related to coastal regions: ESTAT-REGIO@ec.europa.eu