Iroquois & the Great Lake/ St. Lawrence Region

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Presentation transcript:

Iroquois & the Great Lake/ St. Lawrence Region

St. Lawrence Lowlands and the Iroquois Notes Where did the Iroquois live? What is the topography of this region? What is the climate? What is the vegetation? St. Lawrence Lowlands and the Iroquois Notes St. Lawrence lowland/ Great Lakes region Rolling hills, deep river valleys, flat plains Humid, continental climate, Continental climate = large temp. Range (high and low), low precipitation Very fertile soil Many deciduous and coniferous trees (ex. Maple, beech, oak, ash, spruce, fir, pine, etc.)

Iroquois live in Large towns with log palisades What did Iroquois society look like? What is a palisade? What crops do they grow? What is the impact of farming? What housing do they have? What is a hearth? Iroquois live in Large towns with log palisades Palisade = defensive fence Have Agriculture: Fields of maize, beans, squash, sunflowers Grow tobacco to trade Farming allows villages to grow rapidly & stay in one place Rows of longhouses – all extended family in one Long house divided into hearths for each family Hearth = family fire (private area)

Iroquois Village

Iroquois Longhouse

Women own crops, fields, and tended/ harvested How were women important? What is Matrilocal and Matrilineal? What is the local government? What is the women’s role in local gov.? Women own crops, fields, and tended/ harvested Matrilocal = Married couples live with brides family Matrilineal = descent from generation to generation recorded through women Local gov. = 2 chiefs from each extended family (civil and military chief) Civil chief: clan activities Military chief: defence Women chose local chiefs and could remove them

Regional council (gov.) – reps from each town What are the other 2 levels of government? What is the Iroquois confederacy? How is the government chosen? Regional council (gov.) – reps from each town Confederacy council – for entire nation – reps from each nation/tribe Iroquois Confederacy is 5 nations joined to 1 Nations: Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca Democracy at all levels of gov.

Summary Paragraph How did the Physical Environment of the St. Lawrence lowland/ Great lakes region influence the culture of the Iroquois?

Questions: p. 197 # 1 and 2 What were the effects of the development of agriculture among the Iroquois? Advantages and disadvantages of agriculture? Staying in one place, developing a strong government, growth of villages Advantage: ready food supply, not nomadic (permanent housing), can develop defences Disadvantage: poor crop, no food, no where else to go – must defend home How was Iroquois society democratic? Why were women so important to its development? Democratic: Vote in leader, can remove them, representatives form each family, then village, then tribe Women: vote in civil and military chiefs, and can vote them out