Convection and the Mantle The Earth System Earth’s Interior Heat Transfer Convection and the Mantle Vocabulary 100 pt 100 pt 100 pt 100 pt 100 pt 200 pt 200 pt 200 pt 200 pt 200 pt 300 pt 300 pt 300 pt 300 pt 300 pt 400 pt 400 pt 400 pt 400 pt 400 pt 500 pt 500 pt 500 pt 500 pt 500 pt

What does the Earth system consist of?

Geosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere and the Sun.

What is the sphere that contains all of Earth’s water and does it interact with the another sphere?

Hydrosphere Example varies 

What is considered a major source of energy for Earth processes?

The Sun

To which sphere do mountains, valleys, and other pieces of land belong?

Geosphere

A Volcano erupts and the lava begins to harden and form new rock A Volcano erupts and the lava begins to harden and form new rock. What is this force called?

Constructive forces

What direct evidence of Earth’s interior do geologist use?

Rock samples drilled from holes and volcanoes

What happens with pressure and temperature as we explore deeper into the Earth’s interior?

Pressure and temperature increase

Which layer of the Earth is the thickest?

Mantle

Name the two different types of crust that surrounds the Earth?

Oceanic Crust and Continental Crust

What are the two different parts of the core? Be specific!!!

Liquid outer core and solid inner core

What are the three types of heat transfer and provide an example?

Conduction, convection, and radiation Examples vary 

What type of heat transfer occurs when you place an ice cube between your hands and it begins to melt?

Conduction

What is the flow that transfers heat within a fluid? A constant flow begins. Cooler, denser soup sinks to the bottom of the pot. Simultaneously, warmer, less dense soup rises. What is the flow that transfers heat within a fluid?

Convection Current

What is the transfer of energy that is carried in rays such as sunlight?

Radiation

How is your body experiencing heat transfer right now?

Conducting heat by directly touching cooler objects

What causes convection currents in the mantle?

Heat from the core and mantle itself

A cool fluid is ________ dense than a warm fluid?

More

What does a convection current transfer within a fluid?

Heat

What three things must take place to start convection currents in the mantle?

Heating and cooling of fluid, changes in a fluid’s density, and force of gravity

How does heat move?

From a warmer to a cooler object

These forces wear down, or destroy landmasses?

Destructive Forces

A dark rock with fine grains located in the oceanic crust?

Basalt

A wave produced by an earthquake that helps us study the Earth’s layers?

Seismic waves

A dense ball of solid iron an nickel?

Inner core

A measure of how much mass there is in a given volume of a substance?

Density