Eoc Catalyst #2

Announcements Make up work by THURSDAY If you did not see your Unit 6 test grade on Monday, you need to ask me about it!!! It is going on your report card!!!!

Review Convergent evolution Divergent evolution Evolution Natural selection Darwin’s finches

OBJECTIVES SWBAT identify the various forms of evidence supporting evolution (fossils, homologous structures, vestigial structures, DNA) SWBAT explain how homologous structures demonstrate common ancestry (relatedness) and support evolutionary theory SWBAT identify examples of vestigial structures and explain how vestigial structures provide evidence supporting evolution

Evidence for Evolution Adaptations Fossils Anatomy Embryology Biochemistry Vestigial structures

1. Adaptations -An adaptation is a change in an organism that allows them to survive better in their environment. Examples of Adaptations: Camouflage-allows an organism to blend in with your environment Mimicry-allows an organism to look like another, more dangerous creature.

Camouflage

Mimicry

2. Fossils -Fossils are remains of long-dead organisms.

2. Fossils Camel Evolution -Fossils are evidence for evolution because they give a record of how organisms have changed over a long period of time. Camel Evolution Paleocene 65 million years ago Eocene 54 million years ago Oligocene 33 million years ago Miocene 23 million years ago Age Present Organism Skull and teeth Limb bones

3. Anatomy -Anatomy is study of the way our bodies are put together. -Anatomy is evidence for evolution because it shows how the structures of organisms have changed over time.

3. Anatomy -Structures in an organisms body that evolved from the same ancestor are called homologous structures. Homologous structures can be similar in the way they are put together, in function (what they do), or in both. Crocodile forelimb Whale forelimb Bird wing

3. Anatomy -Analogous structures have the same function but evolved from different places. -Analogous structures are also evidence for evolution because they show that two organisms that came from different ancestors, when placed under the same environmental pressures can evolve the same adaptations.

Example of an Analogous Structure:

4. Embryology -An embryo is the earliest form of a baby. -Embryos give evidence for evolution because many different kinds of organisms have embryos that look alike, suggesting that they all evolved from the same place. Pharyngeal pouches Pharyngeal pouches Tail Tail Fish Reptile Bird Mammal

5. Biochemistry -Biochemistry is the study of small molecules such as DNA. -Biochemistry provides evidence for evolution because all organisms use DNA, RNA and ATP which shows that they all came from the same ancestor.

6. Vestigial Structures A vestigial structure is a structure that has reduced function in an organism. Examples: Kiwi wings Appendix Snake pelvis Human tailbone

CFU Questions What are analogous structures? How are fossils evidence of evolution? True or False. Some organisms do not use DNA. Give an example of a vestigial structure in a human. What is a type of camouflage? Why is embryology evidence for evolution? What is the difference between analogous and homologous structures? Define evolution.