Electricity and Magnetism http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icfJWcwJtWU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mGkU8cHHSMU

Nikola Tesla http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FRjT9vQCG9E

Positive and negative charge Protons: have a positive charge and are in the nucleus of an atom Electrons: have a negative charge and orbit an atom Neutrons: have a neutral charge and are in the nucleus of an atom Atoms: have equal amounts of protons and electrons so atoms have a neutral charge

Electrical Charge Law of conservation of charge: charge cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred from one object to another

Electrical Charge Charges exert forces: Charges that are alike repel each other Opposite charges attract each other http://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/videos# ?video=static-electricity-fly

Electrical Charge Electrical charge and force: as the electrical charge increase, the electrical force increases Electric fields: every thing with an electrical charge is surrounded by an electrical field

Gravity vs. Electricity The electrical force between 2 objects is much stronger than gravity BUT because electrical charge is constantly being transferred between objects, the electrical force feels weaker than gravity

Conductors and Insulators Conductors and insulators: electrons are held tightly in some atoms and not as tightly in other atoms

Conductors Conductors: a material in which electrons are able to move easily Examples: copper, metal, water

Insulators Insulators: a material in which electrons are not able to move easily in Examples: plastic, wood, rubber, and glass

Charging Objects Charging by contact: the transferring of electrons by touching or rubbing

Charging Objects Charging by induction: the rearranging of electrons on a neutral object caused by a nearby charged object

Transferring Electrical Charge Static Electricity: the accumulation of excess electrical charge on an object Static Discharge: the transfer of charge between two objects because of a build up of static electricity Example: lightning

Lightning Lightning: a large static

Thunder Thunder: caused by the intense heat warming the air from the lightning and making rise very quickly causing a noise http://strangesounds.org/2013/07/amazing-technology-fantastic-videos-of- lightning-strikes-slowed-down.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLWIBrweSU8

Detecting electrical charge Electroscope: an instrument to detect electrical charge

Electrical Current Electrical current: the movement of electric charges in a single direction Measured in amperes One ampere = 6250 million electrons moving past a single point every second

Voltage difference Voltage difference: electrical charge flows from a higher voltage to a lower voltage which keeps the electrical flow going Measured in volts