Decline and Fall of Rome

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Outcome: The Fall of the Roman Empire

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Decline and Fall of Rome

The last two good emperors Diocletian Absolute ruler, limited personal freedom Claimed descent from the gods Persecuted Christians Divided empire Got too big Easier to govern

Constantine Reunited the empire Moved the capitol to Constantinople Power shift: west → east Christianity Legalized the Christian church and ended persecution – Edict of Milan

Political Causes Political office seen as burden Bad emperors Military interference in gov’t Civil war Division of Empire Moved capital to Byzantium

Social Causes Decline in interest in public affairs Low confidence in gov’t Disloyalty Corruption Gap between rich and poor

Gap between rich and poor Economic Causes Poor harvests Disruption of trade Lack of war plunder Gold and silver drain Inflation High taxes Gap between rich and poor

Military Causes Threat from northern tribes Low funds for defense Recruiting non-Roman citizens Lack of patriotism and loyalty amongst troops

Immediate Causes Military pressure from Huns Invasion by Germans and Huns Sack of Rome Conquest by invaders

Legacy of Rome Alphabet and Language Calendar Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian (Romance languages) Roman Numerals Calendar Developed by Julius Caesar July and August Saturday

Engineering and Architecture Aqueducts Carried water into the cities from long distances Used the arch Architecture -columns -dome -concrete

Law Twelve Tables – applied to everyone Used witnesses, cross X, evidence Lawyers Civil and criminal