Ch. 14 Section 2 A new kind of War

The Great War Largest conflict in history up to that time French mobilized 8.5 million British-9million Russians-12 million Germans-11 million “One out of every four men who went out to the World War did not come back again.”

Stalemate on the Western Front Schlieffen Plan failed for many reasons: Russia mobilized quicker than expected They had to shift some troops to the east which weakened them in the west. They were pushed back along the Marne River by British and French Troops

Trenches Trenches were dug to protect their armies from enemy fire Trenches caused a stalemate, what is a stalemate?

New Weapons Machine guns Long range artillery Poison gas Gas masks Tanks Zeppelins U-boats Airplanes

Webquest You are going to the library to research weapons of WWI Please fill in the following sheet, whatever you don’t finish in class, will become homework!

Russian losses Russia was the most backwards of the allies They were poorly equipped to fight a modern war Some troops lacked rifles Russians continued to fight They suffered a huge loss at Tannenberg causing them to retreat back into Russia

Tannenberg 50,000 Russian soldiers were killed 92,000 Russian soldiers were taken as prisoners The commander of this mission felt so bad that he went in the woods and took his own life

New Combatants Countries continued to join the war once it was in motion Please look at the declaration of war by country timeline and answer the questions about the countries and the order in which they joined. ***Worksheet***

Caporetto Italy joined the war on the side of the allies for land They fought 11 battles in two years with the Austrians Germans and Austrians launch an attack on Italy in October 1917 Italians retreated Britain and France had to help stop the Central Powers’ advancement into Italy

War around the World Ottoman Empire joined on the side of the Central Powers If they would have joined the allies, the Central Powers would have been surrounded

Dardanelles This was a vital body of water connecting Black Sea and the Mediterranean Battle of Gallipoli (guh lip uh lee) Allies attempt to open the strait They were trapped, 200, 000 casualties, and eventually allies withdrew

Caucasus Mountains Turkey was also fighting with Russia in the mountains This area was home to Armenians Some Turkish Armenians joined the Russians The Ottoman (Turkish) government saw this as a reason to deport the entire Armenian population 1.5 million Armenians will die

Middle East Turkey was fighting a third battle in the Arab nations of the Middle East The Ottomans will lose this battle and a great deal of territory including Baghdad

War in the colonies Many European nations used their colonies for troops, laborers, and supplies. Canada, Australia, and New Zealand send troops to help which European nation? Some were eager to go help while others were reluctant because of the way they were treated They thought that their service would be a step towards citizenship or independence