Mechanical Waves Physical Science.

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Presentation transcript:

Mechanical Waves Physical Science

2. Mechanical Waves – vibrate matter Transverse - matter moves perpendicular to direction the wave travels Longitudinal (Compressional) - matter vibrates in same direction that wave travels

Surface – combination of transverse & longitudinal, producing circular motion Ex. Earthquake or Ocean waves

Transverse Wave

Longitudinal (compressional) Wave

http://viewpure.com/SCtf-z4t9L8

Velocity of Sound Sound must be transmitted through matter Velocity depends on medium v at 0o Celsius is 332 m/s, 344 m/s at 20o degrees C Travels faster through warm air Faster through solids & liquids

Loudness & Pitch Intensity of sound depends on amplitude Loudness describes a person’s response to intensity Measured in decibels - dB Scale on next slide Pitch - Way a person hears frequency

Interference Produced when waves overlap. Follows the Law of Superposition, which states that 2 waveforms combine in a manner which simply adds their respective amplitudes linearly at every point in time.

2 Types of Interference Reinforcement (Constructive) Interference Crests and/or troughs of 2 waves add together, resulting in increased amplitude. Waves are in phase.

2. Cancellation (Destructive) Interference Crest of 1 wave overlaps with trough of another, canceling each other out. Waves are out of phase.

Doppler Effect When the source of the wave moves closer to you, the waves are compressed and the frequency (pitch for sound) goes up. The waves spread out as the source moves away, decreasing frequency (or pitch).