AP Psychology Sept. 6th Objective Opener 1. In the video, Phineas Gage is described a a/n 2. Which part of the brain is the emotional part? 3. What can make behavior become erratic and unpredictable? 4. What parts of Phineas Gage’s brain were damaged by the tamping iron? Objective Opener Know the anatomy and function of neurons by building and labeling a Candy neuron. Turn in FRQ re-write AP Psychology Sept. 6th

Neuron 1. Neurons receive messages from other neurons through short fibers, called dendrites 2. A longer fiber, called an axon, carries outgoing messages from the cell 3. Some axons are covered with a myelin sheath, made up of glial cells; this increases neuron efficiency and provides insulation 4. Neurotransmitters are released at the terminal buttons A group of axons bundled together forms a nerve or tract Morris, (c) 2006, Prentice Hall

Neurons – magnified view

Neuron – another view

Three Types of Neurons Sensory (afferent) neurons: Carry messages from sense organs to the spinal cord or brain Motor (efferent) neurons: Carry messages from the spinal cord or brain to the muscles and glands Interneurons (association neurons): Carry messages from one neuron to another Morris, (c) 2006, Prentice Hall

Glial Cells The nervous system also contains glial cells, or glia, which: Hold neurons in place, provide nourishment, and remove waste Prevent harmful substances from passing from the bloodstream into the brain Form the myelin sheath The nervous system also contains a vast number of glial cells or glia Glial cells hold neurons in place, provide nourishment, and remove waste products Glial cells prevent harmful substances from passing from the bloodstream into the brain Glial cells form the myelin sheath that insulates and protects neurons Morris, (c) 2006, Prentice Hall

Building a Candy Neuron Follow Directions 45 min Each group will make 2 neurons They will be placed end to end to demonstrate neural transmission.

Homework Neurons and Toilets Analogy Worksheet.