Genetic Engineering How do scientists use restriction enzymes? How are DNA fingerprints created and used for identification?

Manipulating DNA Restriction enzymes cut DNA Recognize a specific sequence Break hydrogen bonds between base pairs DNA is separated Ends of DNA can be blunt or sticky

Manipulating DNA New genes can be added to an organisms DNA Both host and gene to be added are cut with same restriction enzyme Then the two sets of DNA are combined Transgenic organisms are created

DNA Fingerprinting Every organisms DNA is unique PCR (polymerase chain reaction) copies DNA to obtain large amounts All DNA that is being compared is cut with restriction enzymes Each sample is added to a different well

DNA Fingerprinting Electric current is generated DNA has a negative charge so it moves toward positive end Larger pieces don’t move as far so DNA is separated