In Vivo Ultrastructural Localization of the Desmoglein 3 Adhesive Interface to the Desmosome Mid-Line Atsushi Shimizu, Akira Ishiko, Takayuki Ota, Hitoshi.

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In Vivo Ultrastructural Localization of the Desmoglein 3 Adhesive Interface to the Desmosome Mid-Line Atsushi Shimizu, Akira Ishiko, Takayuki Ota, Hitoshi Saito, Hiroshi Oka, Kazuyuki Tsunoda, Masayuki Amagai, Takeji Nishikawa Journal of Investigative Dermatology Volume 124, Issue 5, Pages 984-989 (May 2005) DOI: 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23706.x Copyright © 2005 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 The molecular structure and cadherin desmosome adhesion models. The cadherin extracellular (EC) region consists of five EC domains numbered from the outermost N-terminal domain. The monoclonal antibody epitopes used in the study are indicated by bars on the diagram a. Diagram b shows the proposed trans-binding interaction by the outermost domains (adhesion zipper model). Diagram c shows a completely interdigitated protein model (complete overlap model). Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2005 124, 984-989DOI: (10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23706.x) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 All AK monoclonal antibodies bound to the desmosome. For low-power electron microscopy magnification view, sections of hard palate epithelia from hybridoma-inoculated mice were incubated with rabbit anti-mouse IgG followed by gold-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG, and enhanced by silver staining. Note that the labeling was concentrated at sites of desmosomes attachment plaques. (a) AK23, (b) AK18, and (c) AK7. Scale bars=500 nm. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2005 124, 984-989DOI: (10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23706.x) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 The AK23 epitope was localized to the dense mid-line, whereas AK7 and AK18 epitopes were localized near the plasma membrane in the extracellular (EC) portion of desmosome. For a high-power electron microscopy magnification view, sections of hard palate epithelia from hybridoma-inoculated mice were incubated with rabbit anti-mouse IgG followed by 5 nm gold anti-rabbit IgG. The majority of all AK monoclonal antibodies were observed over the EC portion of desmosomes. AK23 was mainly localized at the midpoint between the attachment plaques of desmosomes close to the dense mid-line (a) AK18 was localized between the attachment plaques of desmosomes and the dense midline (b) AK7 was localized to near the plasma membrane of the EC portion of desmosomes (c). Scale bars=50 nm. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2005 124, 984-989DOI: (10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23706.x) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 The distribution of the monoclonal antibodies epitopes in the desmosome from hybridoma-inoculated mice. To calculate the distance from the plasma membrane, histograms were obtained by measuring the distance between the gold particles and the middle of the desmosome. AK23 showed a major single peak at the center of desmosomes where a dense mid-line exists and more than 30% of the labeling was associated with this regional peak, indicating that the AK23 epitope is restricted to the dense mid-line of the desmosome. The AK23 antibody histogram showed a normal distribution. The best-fit curve for AK23 antibodies was calculated from a normal distribution curve and its standard deviation was 17.8 (percentage relative distance) (a) In contrast, AK18 formed double peaks near the mid point of the extracellular (EC) portion of desmosomes (b). The mAb AK7 also formed twin peaks near the plasma membrane at the EC portion of desmosomes. Approximated curves for AK18 and AK7 histograms were drawn with the sum of two functions, which had different-signed (+/-) mean values, but the same standard deviation as the AK23 antibody. The average vertical distances from the midline were calculated to be 19.4% and 33.6%, respectively, for AK7 and AK18 antibody. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2005 124, 984-989DOI: (10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23706.x) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 On the split-desmosomes caused by AK23 hybridoma-inoculation, the AK23 epitope could be localized at the extracellular (EC) portion without keratin filaments retraction. Acantholysis is observed in the suprabasal layer of the AK23 hybridoma-inoculated mice. Separated acantholytic cells retained several split-desmosomes on the cell surface where decoration desmosomes with gold particles that recognized AK23 monoclonal antibodies could be seen (arrows) (a). Under high-power electron microscopy magnification, AK23 was exclusively localized at the EC portion of split-desmosomes, but no labeling was observed in the interdesmosomal areas (b). By double labeling, AK23 (15 nm gold) and desmoplakin (5 nm gold) were localized at the EC portion of the desmosome and at the junction between the desmosomal attachment plaque and keratin filaments, respectively (c). *, keratin filaments. Scale bars=1 μm (a) and 200 nm (b and c). Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2005 124, 984-989DOI: (10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23706.x) Copyright © 2005 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions