Ch.15 MATTER

PURE SUBSTANCES Pure substance blend together to make mixtures Ex. elements/compounds/molecules CHEMICALLY BONDED Both have chemical formulas C16H10N2O2 BLUE JEANS-INDIGO 3 C16H10N2O2 3 is the # of molecules (Coefficient)

Heterogeneous Mixtures Particles in suspension are large, and settle out Ex. )Pulpy orange juice Particles in a colloid are smaller and do not settle out-Tyndall Effect-how light scatters from the particles Ex.) Gelatin-tiny particles of proteins mixed w/ water (egg white, paint, blood) Liquid-liquid mixtures carefully unmixed Oil/ Water, Fat/Oil Immiscible can mix in emulsions Mayo-oil in vinegar, egg yolks keeps them together

Homogeneous Mixture Uniform, even under a microscope Salt Water- all clear! Solutions=homogeneous Solution=solute +solvent Solution: Salt Water Solute=Salt Solvent= Water (the universal solvent) Miscible liquids form solutions Distillation/Chromotography seperation

Kinetic Theory 1. All matter is made of atoms 2. The particles are always in motion- higher temp, the faster they move 3. At the same temp., larger particles move slower Temperature=Average Kinetic Energy 0= Freeze 100=Boil

Chemical Properties Physical Properties Chemical Changes Reactivity Chemical Changes Change in composition Permanent Physical Properties Melting/boiling Density D=m/v Buoyancy color/odor/shape Physical Changes Not chemical Dissolving Phase changes are physical